<p>The Douglas City Hall is the historic city hall located at 130 S. Third St. in Douglas, Wyoming. The building was constructed from 1915 to 1916 to serve as Douglas center of government. Architect William Norman Bowman designed the building in the Georgian Revival style. The brick buildings design features a broken pediment over its front entrance supported by pilasters. The building includes a room on the second floor designed to house meetings of local civic groups; the Douglas Good Roads Club, which later became the Chamber of Commerce, was the first group to use the room extensively. The Douglas government moved out of the building in 1989, and it is now a commercial property.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 17, 1994.</p><br>
<p>Mercer Lake, also known as Lake Mercer, is a man-made lake within Mercer County Park in West Windsor, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. The lake came into being with the 1975 construction of a dam to control flooding on the Assunpink Creek in nearby Trenton by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service . The basin, now occupied by the lake, was excavated by crews building nearby Interstate 295 at no additional cost to taxpayers. The lake is the home of one of the US Olympic Rowing Teams training centers. It has played host to the 1988, 1992, 2004 and 2008 USA Olympic Team Trials for Rowing, in addition to USRowing National Team selection events, international regattas, and both collegiate and junior national championship regattas. The infrastructure and topography of the racecourse meets FISA standards and PNRA has the equipment necessary to host the worlds largest regattas.</p><br>
<p>Mercer Lake is also known for fishing. Mercer Lake is home to many fish, including Largemouth Bass, Bluegill, Pumpkinseed Sunfish, Yellow Perch, catfish, Shady, Musky and Alabama Turkey fish.</p><br>
<p>Although Mercer Lake is one of cleanest bodies of water in central New Jersey, it still faces problems with pollution from nearby golf courses and storm water runoff.</p><br>
<p>The Streeter–Peterson House, located at 1121 9th St. in Aurora, Nebraska, was built in 1900 by local builders Johnson & Henthorn. It is designed in "classical" Queen Anne style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991; the listing included two contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>The home was built for the family William H. Streeter, a founding personage in the banking field of the area, and was later owned by A. Einer Peterson, a successful merchant to the fields of education and medicie.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant as "a significant local example of early twentieth century Neoclassical Queen Anne domestic architecture in Aurora, Nebraska". It was evaluated to be "the most impressive and architecturally sophisticated" of comparables in Aurora.</p><br>
<p>Coltsville Historic District is a National Historic Landmark District in Hartford, Connecticut. The district encompasses the factory, worker housing, and owner residences associated with Samuel Colt , one of the nation&#39;s early innovators in precision manufacturing and the production of firearms. It was the site of important contributions to manufacturing technology made by Colt and the industrial enterprise he created. Coltsville is a cohesive and readily identifiable 260 acre area, part of which was originally listed as the Colt Industrial District on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2008.</p><br>
<p>After a two decade-long campaign to designate the area as an official National Historic Park, President Barack Obama signed a bill authorizing the Coltsville National Historic Park. The federal authorization lay the groundwork for a "new type of National Park," characterized by a small staff, modest property ownership by the National Park Service and dependence on community partnerships. James Woolsey, the parks service administrator charged with opening the new park, said in June 2015 that the park could be open as soon as the end of the year.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Coltsville District is a large area south of downtown Hartford, bounded on the north by Wyllys and Charter Oak Avenues, on the east by Van Dyke Avenue and the Connecticut River, on the south by Warwarme Avenue, and on the west by Wethersfield Avenue. The district encompasses the entire community planned around the Colt Armory, including Armsmear, tenement housing and community facilities such as the Church of the Good Shepherd and Hartford&#39;s Colt Park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The greatest influence on the development of Sheldon/Charter Oak and South Green just south of downtown Hartford was Samuel Colt, inventor of the automatic revolver, and his wife Elizabeth Colt. Although Colt is often considered the father of the Connecticut River Valley industrial revolution, there were in fact a handful of small outfits already in operation by the time Colt purchased a large tract of land in the area in the 1840s, where he opened his first factory in 1848. Inspired by what he had seen during a trip to London in 1851, Colt embarked upon one of the boldest real estate development campaigns in Hartfords history. His intention to build an industrial community to house his workers adjacent to the Colt Armory. By 1856, it was a city within a city, where workers of many nationalities and religions worked, lived and recreated alongside one another. Colts complex also included the largest armory in the world, wharf and ferry facilities on the Connecticut River.</p><br>
<p>While not the largest, the most prominent or the most tightly controlled of Americas 19th century company towns, Coltsville was among the countrys first, and easily the most advanced of its time. He established a ten-hour day for employees, installed washing stations in the factory, mandated a one-hour lunch break, and built the Charter Oak Hall, where employees could enjoy games, newspapers, and discussion rooms. Colt ran his plant with a military-like discipline, he would fire workers for tardiness, sub-par work or even suggesting improvements to his designs.</p><br>
<p>Crowning the hilltop in the northwest corner of the complex was Armsmear, an enormous Italian villa Colt built for himself and his wife in 1857 that was likely by far the most luxurious structure in Hartford by fair at the time.</p><br>
<p>After a major fire destroyed the original armory in 1864, Colts widow had the original armory rebuilt including the original structures most dramatic feature: the blue onion dome with gold stars, topped by a gold orb and a rampant colt, the original symbol of Colt Manufacturing Company. Visible to commuters on I-91, the Colt Armory stands a monument to Hartford&#39;s first "celebrity industrialist," and the once mighty empire he created.</p><br>
<p>Samuel Colt is known as the inventor of the revolver, but he was also an innovator in the development of factory methods and processes, enabling the mass production of his high-precision products. His business practices were also innovative, involving not just a shrewd use of patents to protect his products, but also new developments in marketing and business organization to create a highly successful business which long outlived him. This success was propagated in part by his wife Elizabeth, who continued to run his businesses for forty years after his death in 1862.</p><br>
<p>Colt hired Elisha K. Root as his chief mechanic in setting up the plants machinery. Root had been successful in an earlier venture automating the production of axes and made, bought, or improved jigs, fixtures and profile machinery for Colt. Over the years he developed specialized machinery for stock turning or cutting the rifling in gun barrels. Historian Barbara Tucker credits Root as "the first to build special purpose machinery and apply it to the manufacture of a commercial product". Colt historian Herbert G. Houze, wrote, "had it not been for Roots inventive genius, Colt&#39;s dream of mass production would never have been realized".</p><br>
<p>Thus, Colts factory was the first to make use of the concept known as the assembly line. The idea was not new but was never successful in industry at the time because of the lack of interchangeable parts. Roots machinery changed that for Colt, since the machines completed as much as 80% of the work and less than 20% of the parts required hand fitting and filing. Colts revolvers were made by machine, but he insisted on final hand finishing and polishing of his revolvers to impart a handmade feel. Colt turned to artisan gun makers from Bavaria and developed a commercial use for Waterman Ormsbys grammagraph to produce "roll-die" engraving on steel, particularly on the cylinders. He hired Bavarian engraver Gustave Young for fine hand engraving on his more "custom" pieces. In an attempt to attract skilled European-immigrant workers to his plant, Colt built homes modeled after a village in Potsdam. In an effort to stem the flooding from the river he planted German osiers, a type of willow tree in a 2 mi long dike. He subsequently built a factory to manufacture wicker furniture made from these trees.</p><br>
<h3>Legacy</h3><br>
<p>Following her son&#39;s death, Elizabeth Colt commissioned the Church of the Good Shepherd in 1896 as a monument to his life. Built in High Victorian Gothic style, architectural features include a variety of gun parts, such as bullet molds, gunsights and cylinders. This unusual characteristic earns the building the title of likely being the only church in the world with a gun motif.</p><br>
<p>When Elizabeth Colt died in 1904, she willed the majority of her estate, Armsmear, to the City of Hartford for use as a public park. Today, the 105 acre Colt Park services the community with a number of athletic fields, playgrounds, a swimming pool, playground, skating rink and Dillon Stadium.</p><br>
<h3>Planned National Historic Park</h3><br>
<p>In December 2014, legislation was passed authorizing the creation of the Coltsville National Historical Park incorporating much of the landmarked area.</p><br>
<p>The Howard County Courthouse, on Indian St. between 6th and 7th Sts. in St. Paul, Nebraska, was built in 1912. It was designed by Berlinghof & Davis and George A. Berlinghof in Classical Revival style.</p><br>
<p>It is a four-story building made of brick and of Bedford, Indiana limestone.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. The listing included one contributing building and one contributing object.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant architecturally and for its association with local politics and government of Howard County, Nebraska. It was asserted to be "an important example" of Nebraska</p><br>
<p>architect George A. Berlinghof&#39;s work, in this case as part of Berlinghof & Davis; it included features later used by Berlinghof in the Greeley County Courthouse and the Franklin County Courthouse and therefore demonstrated "the evolution of his designs."</p><br>
<p>The Cutler Hall is a Gothic library building on the Colorado College campus in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The building is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It was the first building on the Colorado College campus, built between 1877 and 1880. Called "the College" it held all the offices, classrooms, a library, auditorium, and more for the burgeoning school. It is now used by the financial aid and admissions departments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Major Henry McAlister donated land for the construction of a building. Peabody and Sterns, an architectural organization in Boston, was hired to design the building. The High Victorian Gothic building was built between 1877 and 1880 and between 1881 and 1882 wings were added to the building. It was the first college building, and was first called "the College" and included all the necessary rooms for the college: classrooms, library, combination auditorium and chapel, and a chemistry lab. The college also taught students for the affiliated Cutler Academy, a preparatory school.</p><br>
<p>The school taught metallurgy and chemistry courses, such as assaying and blowpipe analysis, which attracted prospecters and miners to the school, such as Winfield Scott Stratton. It taught physics and other sciences, and was involved in early study of x-ray photography. Artus Van Briggle studied local clays and pottery, later founding the Van Briggle Pottery company.</p><br>
<p>The building was named "Palmer Hall" in 1889 in honor of William Jackson Palmer&#39;s dedication to the college. Palmer funded the construction of a science building. The new building was named Palmer Hall, and the original college building was named Cutler Hall for philanthropist Henry Cutler who was a contributor to the college. Cutler Academy classes were held until 1914.</p><br>
<p>The bell on top of the building was used to call students to classes, and students rang the bell after athletic victories. The bell was rung vigorously at the end of World War II by Marine students. It fell and was irreparably damaged. The Navy loaned a bell to the school from the World War II carrier, the USAS. Geneva.</p><br>
<p>The hall was renovated in 1937 for college administrative offices, and geology classes were still conducted in the building. In 1966 college administrative offices moved to Armstrong Hall, and the Education Department moved its offices to Cutler Hall. The building was remodeled in 1972 and alumni affairs, public information, yearbook and college publication offices moved into the hall. College relations and development offices moved into the all in the 1980s.</p><br>
<p>Colorado Historical Fund grants provided funds in the 1990s for restoration of the exterior and windows.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>The hall now has the financial aid and admissions offices.</p><br>
<h2>Recognition</h2><br>
<p>The American Institute of Architects named Culter Hall as one of the top 20 buildings in the Pikes Peak Region.</p><br>
<p>The Byron was a schooner that sank in Lake Michigan off the coast of Oostburg, Wisconsin, United States. In 2009 the shipwreck site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The commercial vessel Byron, a small undocumented 36-foot schooner, was built and sailed under the command of Captain William Burmeister of Manitowoc, Wisconsin. In 1867 she was run down and sunk by the Canton, another schooner. At the time of the loss, the Byron was valued at about $1000, and the cargo at $400.</p><br>
<p>The Byron now lies in 135 feet of water 12 miles southeast of Sheboygan, Wisconsin. The wreckage was discovered by commercial fisherman Danny Burnette in 1977 when a trawl net brought up an anchor. Divers soon located the wreck site, much of the Byron&#39;s cargo and equipment was recovered by recreational divers over the next few years. Today, no cargo or artifacts remain; the Byron is completely covered with a layer of zebra and quaggo mussels and the hull is very fragile.</p><br>
<p>The Byron is significant as a rare example of its type of commercial vessel, once common to Wisconsin&#39;s transportation infrastructure and a vital part of its economy in the time before road and rail networks. There is no surviving historical record of the construction techniques of lakeshoring schooners, making the Byron site a potential source of additional information on this type of 19th century vessel.</p><br>
<p>The Hetty Taylor was a schooner that sank in Lake Michigan off the coast of Sheboygan, Wisconsin, United States. In 2005 the shipwreck site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hetty Taylor was launched in 1874. She mostly hauled wood products. The ship carried cargo from ports including ones in Muskegon, Michigan, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Sister Bay, Wisconsin and Egg Harbor, Wisconsin to her homeport in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Additionally, the Hetty Taylor carried numerous types of cargo from Milwaukee to other ports.</p><br>
<p>On August 26, 1880, the Hetty Taylor was en route to Escanaba, Michigan from Milwaukee when she encountered a sudden squall. The crew was able to row to safety in a small boat, hoping to find help and recover the ship before she sank. However, by the time they were able to return, it was too late.</p><br>
<p>The Orient Hotel is a heritage-listed hotel at 560 Queen Street, Brisbane CBD, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, on the corner of Ann Street. It was originally built as the Excelsior Hotel in 1875 and extended in 1884, both of which were designed by Brisbane architect Richard Gailey.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hotel Orient, a three-storeyed brick building erected for Brisbane publican John Morse as the Excelsior Hotel, was constructed in two stages: a two-storeyed building with cellar in 1875, with a third floor and southern extension in 1884. Both stages were designed by Brisbane architect Richard Gailey. Occupying an early Queen Street subdivision, the hotel illustrates the northern extension of the Brisbane central business district around Petrie&#39;s Bight in the last quarter of the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>John Morse emigrated from England to Queensland in 1862. He held the licence to the Assembly Hotel at the corner of Edward and Margaret Streets, Brisbane, from 1865 to 1868, then followed the gold rush to Gympie, where he was licensee of the Bendigo Hotel until returning to Brisbane in 1873, taking up the licence to the Union Hotel at the corner of Ann and Wickham streets (now Centenary Place), which he held until 1875. By 1875 he was married with a young family.</p><br>
<p>In 1874 Morse purchased in two parcels a small, triangular block diagonally opposite the Union Hotel - 15.4 perches of land at the intersection of Queen and Ann streets, Petries Bight. The subdivisions were part of an early town allotment alienated in 1864 by William Hobbs, and subdivided by Josiah Young in 1874. The site was strategically located along Queen Street, the principal thoroughfare between Brisbane Town and Fortitude Valley, and was close to the Union Hotel and Morses regular client base. Petrie&#39;s Bight was then developing rapidly, stimulated by construction of municipal wharves on the Brisbane River downstream from the Customs House in 1875-1877.</p><br>
<p>Brisbane architect Richard Gailey called tenders for the construction of a hotel at the corner of Queen and Ann streets in November 1874, the same month that Morse gained title to the property. Gailey was a Derry architect who had settled in Brisbane in 1864. He established his own practice here in 1865, and over the next 60 years built up a thriving business, working until his death in 1924. Hotels were Gailey&#39;s speciality. He designed over 30 hotels or modifications to existing hotels in Brisbane alone in the period 1869-1895, with hotel work elsewhere throughout the colony. The largest and most opulent of the Gailey-designed hotels were erected during the 1880s, reflecting the general building boom in Queensland during a period of unprecedented economic growth. His impressive surviving boom era hotels include the Regatta Hotel (1886) at Toowong, and in Fortitude Valley the Wickham Hotel (1884-1885), the Prince Consort Hotel (1887-1888), the Jubilee Hotel (1887-1888), and the Empire Hotel (1887-1889). The Hotel Orient is his earliest surviving and still operating Brisbane hotel, and contributes significantly to our understanding of his work.</p><br>
<p>In mid-1875 Morse registered a £2,000 mortgage on the Queen and Ann Streets corner site, which is likely to have financed construction of the hotel. The building was completed by June 1875, when he applied for a license to operate the place as the Excelsior Hotel. At that time the building was his own property, unoccupied, yet to be licensed, and containing more than the necessary accommodation as required by the Publicans Act. An 1881 birds-eye sketch of Brisbane shows the early Excelsior Hotel as a two-storeyed building with a cantilevered first floor verandah.</p><br>
<p>The hotel appears to have prospered with the growth in trade centred around Petrie&#39;s Bight. In September 1884 Gailey called tenders for additions to the Excelsior Hotel, consisting of an additional story on the present building, and a three-story building at the southern end, extending from Queen to Ann streets. This established the present form of the building.</p><br>
<p>About 1888 the remodelled hotel was advertised as one of the architectural features of the city - fitted up with every appliance and found with every convenience necessary to the carrying on of a large business, and the comfortable accommodation of the public. The house is situated in one of the most charming parts of the city, and from it may be gained a panoramic view of the river and the surrounding suburbs. Balconies extend round the hotel, and on these open large and comfortably-furnished rooms, thus securing to the visitor plenty of fresh air during the hot months. A sketch of the hotel which appeared in The Queensland Figaro of 20 April 1889, shows a three-storeyed building with encircling verandahs and French doors on the upper two levels, opening onto the verandahs, with a wider curved street awning at ground level supported by double timber posts. The place was advertised as a family hotel, of first-class standard.</p><br>
<p>Two decorative iron pillars in the main bar on the ground floor, bearing the lettering A Sargeant & Co., may replace earlier masonry walls. Their style suggests they were installed s, which may indicate another period of renovation of the hotel.</p><br>
<p>John Morse held the licence to the Excelsior Hotel from 1875 until 1906, with one short-term transfer of the license to George Boreham in 1889-1890. In March 1906 Morse retired from the hotel business, moving to Dornoch Terrace in Highgate Hill, and leasing his hotel to publican John Brosnan, who renamed it the Hotel Orient. A year later Brosnan transferred the lease to Isaac Francis, and throughout most of the 20th century there has been a rapid turnover in lessees and licensees of the place. One of the longest-serving licensees was Joseph Thomas Kelly, who held the license throughout the 1930s and to at least the early 1940s.</p><br>
<p>Morse&#39;s wife, Wilhelmina, died in September 1909, and John in December the same year. The Hotel Orient passed to their daughter, Mary Ann Durham, who retained title to the property until August 1912, when it was transferred to Perkins & Co. Ltd, established Brisbane brewers and hotel owners, which became Castlemaine Perkins Limited in 1928. The Orient Hotel remained the property of this company until 1980. There have been a number of owners since.</p><br>
<p>In the 1920s and 1930s the Hotel Orient was modernised, during a period of substantial hotel renovation throughout Brisbane. Sewerage was connected in 1925, and in 1930 the Marberete Company installed a cold room and builder SS Carrick carried out alterations, both jobs to designs by Castlemaine Perkins&#39; architects George Henry Addison and Herbert Stanley MacDonald. In 1935 Marberete Company carried out further alterations to the Orient, again to the design of Addison and MacDonald (George Frederick Addison and Herbert Stanley MacDonald). The 1930s renovations included much use of leadlights and pressed metal ceilings, the remodelling of the ground floor private bar and entrance at the southern end of the building on the Queen Street side, and streamlining of the exterior. A photograph of the renovated Orient Hotel, published in The Sunday Truth of 20 February 1936, shows the 1880s ground level posts and awning replaced with a cantilevered flat awning, the first and second floor verandahs removed, the French doors on these levels converted to windows with narrow encircling roofs over, and a large neon sign above the main roof, displaying CASTLEMAINE XXXX. In April 1936, the Orient Hotel was valued at £16,000. Facilities at this time included 2 bars, 3 sitting rooms, 1 dining room, 4 double guest rooms, 15 single guest rooms, 6 sleeping rooms for licensee, family and staff, 4 bathrooms, 9 waterclosets, and 2 urinals. Although located approximately half a mile from both the Central railway station and the AUSN Wharf, the place was used extensively by the travelling public, and averaged 15 guests per week.</p><br>
<p>Another significant refurbishment of the Orient Hotel was undertaken. By this time the corner entrance was no longer in use, and the public bar was accessed from Queen Street. The 1956 renovations included changes to the public bar, and the rearrangement of guest lounge, dining room and kitchen facilities on the first floor, to permit increased accommodation for the licensee and staff.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1980s further substantial refurbishments included the gutting of much of the first floor for a new dining room, bar and kitchen, and changes to the public bar on the ground floor. In 1990 the public bar acquired its present configuration, and in 1995 the premises were converted to budget accommodation, with ensuite bathrooms installed on the top floor.</p><br>
<p>Despite the ongoing refurbishments, the Orient Hotel retains its 1880s form, and remains one of few 19th century hotels to survive in the Brisbane central business district, where once there were many. It continues to trade as an hotel, and is one of the longest licensed hotels in inner Brisbane, pre-dated only by the Victory Hotel (on the northeast corner of Edward and Charlotte Streets - originally the Prince of Wales Hotel, established 1855), the Exchange Hotel (northwest corner of Edward and Charlotte streets, from 1863), the Port Office Hotel (southeast corner of Edward and Margaret streets - initially the Shamrock Hotel, from 1864), and the Treasury Hotel (northwest corner of George and Elizabeth streets - originally the Dunmore Arms Hotel, from 1865). Social change and renovation of the central business district with high-rise office and apartment blocks, has seen the demolition of 19 major city hotels since 1970 - particularly those which occupied strategic corner positions on principal thoroughfares, as was typical of Brisbane&#39;s 19th century hotels.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Orient demarks the juncture between Brisbane CBD and Fortitude Valley along a major inner city thoroughfare. Its landmark value is particularly noticeable since the late 20th century demolition of the nearby National Hotel, a late 1880s hotel which occupied a similar triangular-shaped corner site one block to the east, at the intersection of Queen and Adelaide streets.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Hotel Orient, a three-storeyed rendered masonry structure with a hipped corrugated iron roof, is located on an acute corner site at the intersection of Queen and Ann Streets, a major intersection on the edge of the central business district. The building&#39;s highly visible location and expressive form make it a city landmark.</p><br>
<p>The building is located on a triangular site, with the earliest section at the northern end of the site fronting Queen and Ann Streets, and the later addition forming a wing across the southern part of the site linking both street frontages. A small service yard with some later infill is located on the northwest fronting Ann Street, and the wedge-shaped corner of the building fronting Queen and Ann Streets is rounded to form a sharp curve.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor has an awning to the Queen Street frontage and to the northern end of the Ann Street frontage. The awning is supported by steel tie-rods fixed to the exterior of the first floor, and has decorative pressed metal soffit and fascia, with the name HOTEL ORIENT in relief. The Queen Street frontage has an entrance at the southern end, with regularly spaced sash windows fronting the street and returning along the Ann Street frontage. The entrance is accessed via a flight of steps to recessed doors which have a leadlight fanlight panel. A metal grille above the entrance has the letters H and O intertwined, and the side walls are finished with glazed ceramic tiles with a decorative frieze and trims. The glazed ceramic tiles continue along the street frontage; however they have been covered with a textured coating with only the frieze being left exposed. The windows along the Queen Street frontage dating from the interwar refurbishment have decorative leadlight panes, and later sash windows retain evidence of being adapted from earlier doorways. The corner has evidence of earlier doorways, and currently has paired non-original timber framed glass doors with a raised threshold which aligns with an internal stage area. The windows to the Ann Street frontage have their sill heights at footpath level, with a cast iron palisade set in the sill to each window. An entrance to the bar is located at the western end of the original section of the Ann Street elevation.</p><br>
<p>The first and second floors have regularly spaced sash windows with decorative leadlight panes fronting Queen Street and returning along the Ann Street frontage. The windows have continuous window hoods to both levels supported by shaped timber members and clad with shingles. The walls are finished with a textured render.</p><br>
<p>The remainder of the Ann Street frontage consists of the end elevation of the southern wing, which has textured render and two sash windows per floor. Verandahs enclosed with fibrous cement sheeting and sliding window units are located on the northern side of the southern wing, and return along the western side of the main section. The entrance to the small service yard is located adjacent to the enclosed verandah, and has lattice screening and a skillion roof. Later infill also fronts Ann Street between the small service yard and the central section of the building, and consists of an early section to the ground level finished with textured render, and a later brick first floor section with skillion roof. The building has several rendered chimney stacks, a large billboard is mounted on the roof fronting the intersection, and a deck has been constructed over the small service yard at the level of the second floor.</p><br>
<p>Internally, the building has a cellar at the southern end, mostly located under the Queen Street end of the southern wing. The cellar has both face brick and squared rubble-coursed porphyry walls, and two brick arched alcoves are located on the western side. The cellar is accessed via concrete steps from the enclosed service yard area, which is split-level and located between the ground and first floors.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor has a large bar area at the northern end fronting both streets. The corner contains a non-original raised stage area, and the ceiling is coffered with beams possibly indicating the locations of original load bearing walls and central corridor. Two cast iron columns are located towards the stage end of the bar area, and correspond to a change in direction of the central corridor to both upper floors. The bar fit-out is non-original, and toilets are located behind the bar area fronting Ann Street. An entrance foyer with reception/office is located at the southern end fronting Queen Street, with a stair accessing the upper floors. The foyer has pressed metal ceilings, and decorative leadlight doors and fanlight separate a second smaller bar at the rear. This bar has pressed metal ceilings, and timber wall panelling to door head height. Toilets are located at the rear of the bar, and early windows with leadlight panes open to the adjacent service yard.</p><br>
<p>The first floor is entered via a stair at the southern end which access a central lobby. This lobby is located at the western corner of the intersection of the main section of the building and the southern wing. A second dogleg stair, located on the eastern side of this lobby, accesses the second floor and has turned timber balusters and timber handrail. Paired timber doors open either side of the stair, with an arched leadlight fanlight to the southern door. The northern end of the first floor has been fitted out as a nightclub, and the majority of the internal walls have been demolished and render has been removed exposing the brickwork. The form of the early corner lounge with fireplace is still visible, and window architraves and sills survive. A small bar separates this area from a pool room at the southern end of the floor, which has rendered masonry walls and fireplace. A kitchen is located on the western side of the nightclub, in an addition fronting Ann Street.</p><br>
<p>Steps to the side of the first floor central lobby access the enclosed verandah to the southern wing. A narrow timber stair, with timber balustrade and handrail, is located within the verandah and accesses the second floor, and evidence remains of it originally accessing the ground floor. The verandah detailing includes dowel balustrades, narrow louvred timber panels, and an arched timber boarded valance with rounded ends. The verandah walls to the southern wing are of painted brickwork, and have flat-arched sash windows and doors with fanlights which access store rooms and toilets.</p><br>
<p>The second floor retains the early layout of a central corridor, with rooms opening to either side, which returns to connect with the enclosed verandah to the southern wing. At this level, the enclosed verandah returns along the western side of the main section of the building. Ensuite bathrooms have been added to the rooms, by either converting an existing room into two ensuites or by constructing an ensuite in part of an existing room. Arches are located in transverse corridor walls, and some early detailing survives including doors and fanlights, architraves, skirtings and arch mouldings. The deck over the small service yard is accessed from the enclosed verandah.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Orient Hotel was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Orient, erected as the Excelsior Hotel in two stages, 1875 and 1884, is important in illustrating the pattern of settlement in Brisbane. The 1884 additions in particular are illustrative of the growing economic and social sophistication of colonial Brisbane.</p><br>
<p>The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland&apos;s cultural heritage.</p><br>
<p>The Orient is one of a handful of surviving 19th century hotels in central Brisbane, and is important for its rarity.</p><br>
<p>The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>It is important in illustrating the evolving nature of inner city hotels, and has the potential to reveal further information about 19th and 20th century hotel design and evolution.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>Despite numerous refurbishments, the place retains its 1870s-80s footprint, form, streetscape presence, and much early fabric, illustrating some of the principal characteristics of a 19th-century three-storeyed, masonry, first-class hotel, including the corner siting and clear evidence of a former corner entrance, a footprint which follows the shape of the land subdivision, provision of ample accommodation on the top floor, a rear service wing, and stone cellar.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>Much of the fine 1930s refurbishment survives, including the street awning and continuous window hoods, internal and external finishes, highly decorative leadlights, and pressed metal ceilings and cornices. These elements, together with the building&#39;s expressive form and highly visible location, contribute to its considerable aesthetic and architectural significance.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Orient demarks the juncture of the Brisbane Central Business District and Fortitude Valley along a major inner city thoroughfare, and as such has landmark significance with strong social value.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The place is important for its association with the work of architects Richard Gailey, George Frederick Addison and Herbert Stanley MacDonald.</p><br>
<p>The Palings Building is a heritage-listed retail building located at 86 Queen Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Richard Gailey as one of a row of four identical buildings and built from 1885 to 1919 by Patten & Son. Two of the four buildings have since been demolished while a third survives but is incorporated into another building. The Palings building was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992; at that time, the building was used for the City International Duty Free store.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Palings Building was one of a set of four office buildings erected in 1885, adjacent to the old Brisbane Town Hall in Queen Street. They were constructed for Dr Power, WH Paling and Co. of Sydney, and JS Manwaring, at a cost of £13,000.</p><br>
<p>Paling & Company purchased the building in 1886 but did not occupy it until 1888. However, once in occupation, Paling&#39;s operated a retail store for sheet music and musical instruments from 1888 to 1986 in the building.</p><br>
<p>Building contractors Patten and Son had commenced construction by July 1885. Of brick with stone foundations, each building comprised three floors and a basement. Established Brisbane architect Richard Gailey designed the four identical premises with a common Queen Street frontage. William Henry Paling gained title to the site in 1886, but Paling & Co did not occupy the building until 1888. Dutch-born Paling had emigrated to Australia in 1853, and had established himself in Sydney in the 1850s as a tutor of piano and violin, composer, concert performer, the inaugurator of several music societies, and a music warehouseman, retailing musical instruments and sheet music. In the 1870s and 1880s, Paling was active in local government and philanthropic work, and died at his Sydney home in 1895.</p><br>
<p>In 1884, Paling had opened a branch of his business in Toowoomba before establishing the Queen Street store a few years later. Although there were a number of other music and musical instrument sellers in Brisbane in 1888, Paling & Co.s store flourished, and for nearly a century they were the leaders in the sales of records, sheet music and pianos in Queensland. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Palings piano tuners travelled throughout Brisbane and the Darling Downs, and recitals (until 1930) and tutoring (until the early 1940s) were offered at the Queen Street store. A third Queensland store was opened in Townsville in 1923. In the 1920s, the firm "diversified", with the sale of radios and phonographs. From to 1974, Palings Queen Street store also offered Brisbanes leading theatre booking service.</p><br>
<p>An additional storey with an elaborate facade surmounted by an equally ornate pediment was erected on the Paling&#39;s Queen Street building prior to 1911. The upper pediment has since been removed. Further unspecified additions were carried out during 1918-19 by builder Blair Cunningham under the guidance of architects Chambers and Powell. The site was occupied by Palings until 1986.</p><br>
<p>Due to the development of shade structures in the Queen Street Mall, it is difficult for pedestrians to see the facade of the Palings Building.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Palings building located in central Queen Street is one of four original adjoining bays, only two of which remain. The other adjacent bay is the old Manwaring building which was incorporated into the Allan and Stark Building which also occupied the site of the two demolished bays with a new building.</p><br>
<p>The majority of both bays date from the Victorian period and are decorated in an Italianate style. The Palings bay consists of four storeys and a basement, the fourth storey being an addition dating from before 1918. This differs from the upper level in the neighbouring bay whereas the original building below is identical in form across both bays.</p><br>
<p>The bays of the original building are separated by keyed rusticated pilasters and individually are quite narrow in proportion. Both remaining bays extend through to Burnett Lane at the rear. Each bay is symmetrical with the first floor level having rectangular openings and the level above, the top level of the original building, having arched openings with ornamental keystones. The additional full level of Palings has a large archway broken into narrow vertical openings. To each side of this in the corner are ornamental panels with floral mouldings. The upper parapet has the name "PALINGS" in raised lettering. Another partial level is situated above this at the rear of the building and contained toilet facilities. This level is not evident from the Queen Street facade. The rear of the building has plain square openings and is finished in rendered concrete.</p><br>
<p>Internally the building is very intact, and the shopfittings of the ground floor level would seem easily reversible. Notably the finely detailed plaster ceilings, and the timber passenger lift have survived.</p><br>
<p>This building along with the adjacent surviving bay make a major contribution to the streetscape in this portion of Queen Street both in their scale and the vertical rhythm of their facades.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>The Palings Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building demonstrates a rare aspect of Queensland&#39;s cultural heritage, being one of a surviving pair of Richard Gailey designed retail buildings in Queen Street, which originally were part of a group of four.</p><br>
<p>The building is important in demonstrating a range of aesthetic characteristics valued by the community, in particular the intactness of the interior, including the detailed plaster ceilings and the timber-panelled lift and its contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of intact 1880s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>The building has a special association with the firm of WH Paling & Co. Ltd, music and musical instrument retailers, and their contribution to Queensland musical and other cultural pursuits for nearly a century.</p><br>
<p>The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland&apos;s cultural heritage.</p><br>
<p>The building demonstrates a rare aspect of Queensland&#39;s cultural heritage, being one of a surviving pair of Richard Gailey designed retail buildings in Queen Street, which originally were part of a group of four.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The building is important in demonstrating a range of aesthetic characteristics valued by the community, in particular the intactness of the interior, including the detailed plaster ceilings and the timber-panelled lift and its contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of intact 1880s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building has a special association with the firm of WH Paling & Co. Ltd, music and musical instrument retailers, and their contribution to Queensland musical and other cultural pursuits for nearly a century.</p><br>
<p>Gaiola Island is one of the minor islands of Naples, off the city&#39;s Posillipo residential quarter, in the Metropolitan City of Naples and Campania region, southwestern Italy.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>It is located offshore in the Gulf of Naples, and a part of the volcanic Campanian Archipelago of the Tyrrhenian Sea.</p><br>
<p>The island is at the center of the Parco Sommerso di Gaiola or Underwater Park of Gaiola, a protected marine reserve.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The island takes its name from the cavities that dot the coast of Posillipo. The Latin caveola ("little cave") passed through the region&#39;s dialect to become Caviola.</p><br>
<p>Originally, the small island was known as Euplea, protector of safe navigation, and was the site of a small temple.</p><br>
<p>The island is very close to the coast, reachable with a few strokes of swimming. It is assumed that originally it was nothing more than an extension of the promontory opposite and was artificially separated only at a later time at the behest of Lucullus.</p><br>
<p>In the 17th century the island was virtually littered with Roman factories, while, two centuries later, the island served as a battery in defense of the Gulf of Naples.</p><br>
<p>At the beginning of the 19th century, the island was inhabited by a hermit, nicknamed "The Wizard", who lived thanks to the almsgiving of fishermen. Soon after, the island saw the construction of the villa that occupies it today and which was at one time owned by Norman Douglas, author of Land of the Siren. In the 1920s there was a cable car that connected the island to the mainland.</p><br>
<h3>20th century</h3><br>
<p>Napless legend has considered Gaiola a "cursed island", which with its beauty hides a "restless fate,", the "Gaiola Malediction." The reputation developed from the frequent misfortunes and premature deaths in the families of its 20th century owners. For example, in the 1920s, it belonged to the Swiss Hans Braun, who was found dead and wrapped in a rug. A little later, his wife drowned in the sea. The next owner was the German Otto Grunback, who died of a heart attack while staying in the islands villa. A following owner, the pharmaceutical industrialist Maurice-Yves Sandoz, committed suicide in a mental hospital in Switzerland.</p><br>
<p>Its subsequent owner, a German steel industrialist, Baron Karl Paul Langheim, was dragged to economic ruin by "wild living." The island has also since belonged to: Gianni Agnelli, the Milanese owner of Fiat Automobiles, who suffered the deaths of many relatives; and to J. Paul Getty, who experienced from afar the suicide of his oldest son, death of his youngest son, and kidnapping of a grandson, before his own death.</p><br>
<p>The last private owner of the island was Gianpasquale Grappone, who was jailed. Newspapers talked again about the "Gaiola Malediction" in 2009, after the murder of Franco Ambrosio and his wife Giovanna Sacco, who owned a villa opposite the island.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>The island is now the property of the government of the Campania region, and a protected area within it. It includes the Parco Sommerso di Gaiola (Underwater Park of Gaiola) marine reserve in the Gulf of Naples.</p><br>
<p>The Allan and Stark Building is a heritage-listed row of contiguous but not identical retail buildings located at 110 Queen Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The architect was Andrea Stombuco. It was also known as Myer Store. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<p>The individual buildings were constructed on various dates, but the earliest was in 1881. The drapery business operated by James Allan and Robert Stark first operated from part of the site in 1899 in leased premises. Up until 1964 the business gradually expanded into neighbouring buildings which were variously leased or purchased creating the row of buildings. Allan and Stark continued to operate from these amalgamated premises until 1970, when the buildings were sold to the retailer Myer. Myer operated its department store from the site until 1988.</p><br>
<p>The southernmost building of the row of buildings of Allan and Stark (the leftmost as seen from Queen Street) is visually quite different. It was formerly the Manwaring Building, the second of a row of 4 identical buildings built in 1888. The first building of that row (never part of the Allan and Stark building) is the former Palings Building which still survives adjacent to the Allan and Stark building. The third and fourth buildings of that row were demolished at some earlier time but their sites are now part of the Allan and Stark Building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>James Allan and Robert Stark began their drapery business in South Brisbane in 1882. Following severe flooding in 1893, Allan and Stark decided to move to the north side of the river. Leasing part of these Queen Street sites from 1899, the company gradually acquired the individual properties over a period of 65 years.</p><br>
<p>The building on allotment 8, designed by Andrea Stombuco, was erected in 1881 for solicitors Browne and Ruthning, and acquired by Allan and Stark in 1914. In 1918 two additional floors were built, corresponding to the adjacent property on allotment 8A.</p><br>
<p>The building on allotment 8A was erected in 1881 for A R Jones and occupied by a millinery and dressmaking firm and a photographic studio. It was purchased by Allan and Stark in April 1911 and two more floors were added in the same year.</p><br>
<p>Allotment 7 was developed in 1918 as part of the redevelopment of allotment 8.</p><br>
<p>Allotment 9 was purchased by Thomas Illidge in 1881 on which was built a two storey building. Allan and Stark began leasing this property in 1899, and in the late 1900s a third storey was added. Allan and Stark finally purchased the building in 1925.</p><br>
<p>In 1881-82 a three storeyed brick building, designed by Richard Gailey was erected on allotments 9,10,10A and 11 for Charles Lumley Hill and William Young. The building was initially leased to John and James Hislop, cabinet makers and upholsterers, and Watson, Ferguson and Co, stationers and lithographers. The floors of these buildings were supported by wrought iron girders allowing wider, open spaces for the tenancies. Allan and Stark acquired allotments 9A and 10 in August 1901. Allan and Stark leased the section of the building on allotments 10A and 1 from 1932 until 1952 when they purchased the property.</p><br>
<p>The southern end of the complex was acquired by Allan and Stark in 1965. This property was built in 1885 and designed by Richard Gailey. A three storeyed brick building, it comprised four common bays across the main facade, each representing individual tenancies for the building. An additional storey with pediment was erected between 1918 and 1923. Allan and Stark acquired the northern half of the building, and of the other two bays, one has been demolished and the other is Palings Building.</p><br>
<p>In 1970 Myer Queensland Stores Ltd purchased the Allan and Stark properties, and continued to use the complex as a department store. In 1988 the complex was vacated when the store moved to the Myer Centre directly opposite in the Queen Street Mall.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The former Myer Store, located in central Queen Street, comprises a series of contiguous three and four storeyed brick buildings. Despite being originally separate buildings, the rendered facade is given unity and coherence by the repetition of Classical details.</p><br>
<p>The main section of the facade features, on the upper levels, bays of arched openings separated by simple pilasters. On the second level the arches are supported by columns with rosette capitals, and on the third level the arches are supported by pilasters with Corinthian capitals. The string course and the cornice form unifying lines across the facade, although the number of arches for each bay and the spacing between them varies. Two bays of the building rise to a fourth storey with plain rectangular openings. The parapet, formerly with a balustrade and pedestals supporting vases, is now solid. A cantilevered street awning runs the length of the complex.</p><br>
<p>The southern bay differs from the rest of the facade with its finer and more decorative treatment. The openings on the second level are rectangular and separated by fluted pilasters, while on the third level the openings are arched and separated by Corinthian pilasters. There are ornamental keystones above the arches and the central keystones bear the initials "M" and "P" respectively for Manwaring and Paling, the original building owners. A prominent cornice with a course of large dentils runs across this section.</p><br>
<p>Internally, the building has been substantially altered. The original fabric is visible in some areas, including roof trusses and timber joists separated by herring-bone strutting. Ceilings of a variety of types of pressed metal and plaster remain visible in parts of the building.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>The Allan and Stark Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register in 1992 when the occupier was the Myer store.</p><br>
<p>The Allan and Stark Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building provides evidence of the 1880s development of Queen Street initiated by the disposal of the former convict barracks.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The building is significant for its contribution, in scale, form, and style, to the Queen Street streetscape which comprises a group of nineteenth and early twentieth century buildings and facades.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building is significant for its association with the firm Allan and Stark.</p><br>
<p>The DeGraff Building is a commercial building in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is "one of the few remaining commercial buildings dating from the boom period following the Cripple Creek gold strike." The building is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>David DeGraff, a California gold rush miner, had the building constructed in 1897. It was designed by Barber and Hastings, who also designed the 1890-1891 renovations to the El Paso Club on 30 Platte Avenue. Retail shops were on the first floor of the DeGraff Building and offices were on the second, third and fourth floors. The building was converted into an apartment house after World War II. In 1967 it was converted back to offices. In 1982 the building was restored; The parapet that had been removed was recreated and the rock aggregate veneer that had been applied to the front facade was removed.</p><br>
<p>The Colorado Springs Business Journal first began in the DeGraff Building in 1989. Oskar blues is currently located on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>The Drennan School, also known as the Drennan Community Building, is a historic building in Ellicott, near Colorado Springs, Colorado. The building was first owned by the Widefield School District in El Paso County. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The rural schoolhouse, built about 1917, was used as a school until 1955. Grades 1 through 12 were taught in 2 classrooms. The building represents a turn-of-the-century shift from one-room schoolhouses to buildings with larger classrooms. Its new rural schoolhouse design included a hipped roof and clustered classroom windows. The school taught through the 12th grade, versus the 8th grade taught in the neighboring one-room schoolhouses. In 1922, the school had its first high school graduation.</p><br>
<p>It was named for William O. Drennan who provided the land and funds for the area&#39;s first schoolhouse, which was a one-room log building. Since its beginning and until the present day, the building has been used for community events.</p><br>
<p>It was the site of the areas post office from 1920 to 1951, and from 1918 to 1955 had El Paso Countys first "wide-area telephone system" switchboard.</p><br>
<p>Students at the school produced their own newspaper. Girls and boys participated and won county and district basketball championships. In 1946, the girls won the state basketball championship. Enrollment began to decline in the ranching and farming community in the 1950s following a significant drought.</p><br>
<p>The school closed in 1955 and, in 1957, the school building was sold to the community, which wanted to preserve the historic integrity of the building and continue to use it for community events.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>The school building has classrooms and a library on the main floor. In the basement were bedrooms for the cook / caretaker and four teachers who resided in the school. There is also a kitchen, cafeteria, restroom and an office that was used by the switchboard operator.</p><br>
<p>It sits on a 2.65 acre lot, bordered by trees to break the wind, and has a gravel parking lot. Located on the dirt Drennan Road, it is surrounded by open land used for grazing. Within the treed perimeter are the single-story school, coal shed, cistern, 2 outhouses, a propane tank and a merry-go-round. It is believed that the 2 outhouses and the coal shed were Works Progress Administration projects.</p><br>
<p>Buchanan Historic District is a national historic district located at Buchanan, Botetourt County, Virginia. It encompasses 277 contributing buildings, 5 contributing sites, and 4 contributing structures in Buchanan and Pattonsburg on both sides of the James River. They include commercial, transportation-related, domestic, religious, and industrial resources associated with the communitys development from the late-18th century through the late-20th century. Notable buildings include the Pattonsburg Mill , Buchanan Presbyterian Church , Trinity Episcopal Church , Hotel Botetourt , Sorrell House , James Evans Mason Lodge , Virginia Can Company complex , "Oak Hill" , Town Hall Municipal Building, Bank of Buchanan, Ransones Drugstore, Buchanan Theatre , and Buchanan High School . The contributing sites include the James River & Kanawha Canal project site, Johnston-Boyd Cemetery , and Mountain View Cemetery . The contributing structures include the Stone Arch Tunnel . Also located in the district is the separately listed Wilson Warehouse.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Greyledge is a historic home and national historic district in Botetourt County, Virginia. It encompasses 13 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, and 2 contributing structures, as well as woods and cropland. Although less than a mile from Interstate 81, the house seated on a knob 1200 feet in altitude is not visible from the interstate highway, nor is the highway visible from the house. Purgatory Mountain is visible to the west of the house, which has views of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the south and east. Purgatory Creek drains much of the property and flows into the James River several miles south in the town of Buchanan.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The main house was built beginning in 1842 by the Cartmill brothers for their orphaned cousin, Miss Ann Sisson, and finished circa 1855. Ann Sisson inherited the property, then married Charles Gorgas, Pennsylvania-born nephew of a Rockbridge county ironmaster. When Gorgas died of pneumonia in 1862, his wife inherited nearby Etna Furnace and about 7000 acres of iron-bearing land. She married Henry Hansborough in 1866, and died in 1885. In 1895, Edmund Cash Pechin Pennsylvania lawyer and mining expert associated with various railroads and the Virginia Development Company in Roanoke acquired the property from Ann Sisson Gorgas Hansboroughs estate and developed it as an estate home. His wife Mary Cash Shelly Pechin headed nearby Buchanans Village Improvement Society. Both died in the 1920s, and their daughter Bertha Pechin inherited the property. Stuart B. Carter, a Virginia lawyer and state delegate who played a key role in defeating the Byrd Organizations Massive Resistance policy, bought it from Bertha Pechin, his wifes aunt, and did further renovations and restorations. Their children also inherited the property, but the next phase of renovations and restoration began after the 2001 sale.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The symmetrical two-story, three-bay, two-room-deep, center-passage-plan main house is in brick and constructed in the Greek Revival style. Slave labor made all the original structure&#39;s bricks on the property; the front was built in the Flemish bond style, the sides and rear in stretcher bond style. In 1906, about a decade after the property was purchased by the Pechin family from near Cleveland, Ohio, a two-story east wing and front porch were added in American bond style and painted. The later rear wings (to attach the kitchen and ice house to the main structure) are of weatherboard painted white. Also in the main house complex are a contributing potato cellar/acetylene house, cistern (c. 1900), washhouse/apartment (c. 1900, c. 1940), garage and barn—all constructed around 1900. Around 1930 were added a machinery shed and chicken house. The area also includes a 20th-century pet cemetery and lake (1946). In the late 19th century, another set of buildings were erected around what was sometimes called the Gate House, along with another barn. That area also includes a well/gazebo and garage constructed in the 1930s and a modern shed. A third group of structures includes the Creek House and well constructed in the early 20th century, together with a late 20th century shed, pig pen and privy which are not considered contributing structures. A water tower was removed circa 1960.</p><br>
<p>It was listed as a Virginia Landmark in September 2001, and on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The old Albany Academy building, known officially as Academy Park by the City School District of Albany, its owner , and formerly known as the Joseph Henry Memorial, is located in downtown Albany, New York, United States. It is a Federal style brownstone building erected in the early 19th century. In 1971 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Later it was included as a contributing property when the Lafayette Park Historic District was established.</p><br>
<p>At the time it was built it was home to The Albany Academy, established a few years earlier. Architect Philip Hookers Federal style design is the citys oldest public building, and the less altered of his two intact non-residential buildings in the city. In the 1820s, Joseph Henry co-discovered electrical inductance in experiments conducted in the building, a discovery that was important to the later development of the telegraph and, by extension, the modern telecommunications of the Information Age. A statue of him by John Flanagan was placed out front to commemorate his accomplishment. T. Romeyn Beck wrote his important early works on forensic medicine while serving as the school&#39;s principal for three decades.</p><br>
<p>In the 1930s, the Academy moved to a new building in a different section of the city that it still occupies. It sold the building to the city of Albany; in 1986 the citys school district took ownership and began its current use of the building for its main offices. Another Albany architect, Marcus T. Reynolds, supervised renovations to the buildings interior. It has otherwise remained intact.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The land historically associated with the building is one of the two acres of Academy Park, located between Eagle, Elk and Hawk streets. It straddles the boundary with Lafayette Park to the west; it is a contributing property to the associated historic district. The terrain rises gently from the Hudson River a half-mile (800 m) to the east and the ravine of Sheridan Hollow to the north. The Albany County Vietnam War memorial is located a short distance to the west.</p><br>
<p>Many other listed properties, most of them also government buildings that contribute to the district, are nearby. Opposite Lafayette Park on Hawk is the monumental Classical Revival New York State Department of Education Building, with Cathedral of All Saints, seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Albany, concealed at the other end of the block. To the southwest, across Washington Avenue (New York State Route 5), is the state capitol, a National Historic Landmark, between East and West Capitol Park. Opposite the park to the east, along Eagle, are the county courthouse, the New York Court of Appeals building, and Albany City Hall. A group of rowhouses, also contributing properties, faces the building from across Elk.</p><br>
<p>The building itself is positioned sideways to Elk Street, with its main entrance on the east (front) facade and its north elevation facing the rowhouses opposite. It has a two-story five-bay main block of Nyack sandstone</p><br>
<p>On the main block, the basement windows are set with 10-over-10 double-hung sash windows topped by splayed-stone lintels. Just above them the water table serves as a base for the six fluted Ionic pilasters that rise both stories, forming a colossal order. On the first story they separate 15-over-15 double-hung sash with a carved panel in the middle of the lintel. Stringcourses between the colossal Ionic pilasters separate the first-story windows from their second-story counterparts, also 15-over-15 but arched and set in a slightly recessed double arch. Slight cornices there form the springline for the arches.</p><br>
<p>The pilasters&#39; Ionic capitals support a molded frieze with an egg-and-dart pattern underneath the modillioned cornice at the roofline. Above it is a balustrade. The gently pitched hipped roof is pierced by two brick chimneys at either end with a copper roofed cupola in the middle. It has keystone-arched louvered vents in its lower stage, separated by pairs of smooth Corinthian columns. They support a broad overhanging modillioned cornice, above which is a frieze decorated with swag. Atop the cupola is a flared domed roof with a weathervane.</p><br>
<p>There are two centrally located entrances on the east. At the top of a pair of sideways stone steps with iron railings is the main entrance, paneled wooden double doors with sidelights and a fanlight. Narrow fluted pilasters flank the doors; the whole entrance is slightly recessed. Below it is a more restrained basement entrance with paneled doors and sidelights in the stone. In front of it is a statue of Joseph Henry on a gray granite pedestal with text explaining his accomplishments.</p><br>
<p>The two wings are more restrained. The first story rather than the basement has the rustication. Its six-over-six double-hung sash is set in slightly recessed arches. The stringcourse, continuous here, separates it from the second story. There, smooth Ionic pilasters divide the bays. It, too, has six-over-six double-hung sash, set in singly arched windows that are otherwise similar to their counterparts on the main block. The balustrade continues along the roof of the wings as well; both have the same pairs of chimneys at the end.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Although it has been a private school for its entire existence, The Albany Academy was established by the city council in 1813 to educate the sons of the citys most prosperous citizens in classics, math and science. Classes began soon after the state granted the schools charter. Starting in 1815 they were held in a building rented from Killian K. Van Rensselaer, a member of one of the city&#39;s most prominent families, who had served several terms in Congress.</p><br>
<p>That same year Philip Hooker, then Albanys most prominent architect, appeared before the schools building committee. He had at that point already designed the nearby City Hall and State Capitol buildings (both since replaced), and pointed to his years of experience and his "close application in the research of ancient and modern architecture." Mayor Philip S. Van Rensselaer laid the building&#39;s cornerstone after Hooker got the commission.</p><br>
<p>Hookers Federal style design, with extensive classically-inspired decoration, echoed the schools original curricular focus. It shows the influence of New York City Hall by Joseph Francois Mangin and John McComb, Jr., also a new building at that time. Hooker&#39;s design included the chapel on the second floor, which survives intact.</p><br>
<p>The new building was matched with a new school principal when it was opened in 1817. T. Romeyn Beck. He would serve in that position until 1848, shaping the school profoundly. Not only did he distinguish himself as an administrator, he also made an important contribution to American medicine with Elements of Medical Jurisprudence. Published in 1823, it was the first significant work on forensic medicine. Outside of that field, he was instrumental in establishing the state&#39;s geological survey and library.</p><br>
<p>Beck also hired a talented early graduate of the Academy, Joseph Henry, to return as a science teacher after he finished his studies at Union College in nearby Schenectady in a year. In addition to teaching science, Henry did research at the school with the help of his assistant and students. He would later leave to take a position at Princeton University, and eventually became the Smithsonian Institution&#39;s first secretary.</p><br>
<p>For the remainder of the 19th century, the school stayed in Hookers building, keeping it as it had been designed, even as competing private schools were started and the city began to expand from its early neighborhoods close to the river and, like the school, near downtown. By the 1920s, it was clear more space would be needed, and the academy bought 30 acre on Highland Avenue, in Albanys newer, more suburban neighborhoods. Just before the Great Depression began, the city agreed to buy the school&#39;s old building for $450,000 ($ in modern dollars).</p><br>
<p>Marcus T. Reynolds, like Hooker the city&#39;s most prominent architect in his day, who had designed the new Academy building, supervised the renovation. His changes to the building were primarily on the interior, including a new marble double staircase and modifications to the center hall. On the outside he commissioned a copper replacement for the original wooden cupola that duplicated it exactly. The John Flanagan statue of Henry was placed in the front and the building renamed in his memory. Later in the 1930s, the Albany City School District moved into the building and has used it as its main offices ever since.</p><br>
<p>The Wheat Growers Hotel, at 102 S. Oak St. in Kimball, Nebraska, is a historic hotel that was built in Early Commercial style in 1918. It was the largest hotel built in Kimball. It benefited from Union Pacific railway line expansion and the Lincoln Highway running through Kimball.</p><br>
<p>The hotel has a wheat theme reflected in decorative elements of its building which "celebrates an important facet of the commercial and economic development of the city and county." It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002, at which time it was vacant.</p><br>
<p>In its NRHP nomination it was asserted to be significant "as an important resource in the commercial and economic development in the city of Kimball" and "as a good example of early twentieth-century commercial hotel design with good integrity."</p><br>
<p>Lauderdale is a historic home located near Buchanan, Botetourt County, Virginia. Lauderdale takes its name from the eighteenth century owner of the property, James Lauderdale Sr. Lauderdale purchased 366 acres on Looney Mill Creek in 1749. By the early 1780s, he owned over a thousand acres in Botetourt County, and in 1785 he was listed as the owner of a dwelling and three other buildings. The home Lauderdale was built in 1790 by James Lauderdale Sr. Lauderdale Sr. settled in the area in 1730, when the region was still in the possession of the Indians. The mansion Lauderdale was built near a spring,near which it is said that Lauderdale shot and killed an Indian during an attack on his home. The plantation consisted of 1200 acres, Lauderdale is one of the largest houses in Botetourt. There are thirty rooms within its walls. The high ceilings and hand carved woodwork of the immense hallway,library, and drawing room make it one of the handsomest houses is Virginia. The bricks on its walls were made by slaves on the place. In 1796, Lauderdale sold 444 acres, including his residence to Col. Henry Bowyer . Most references to Lauderdale incorrectly show the date of its construction as 1821, yet the Botetourt County Deed Book VI, page 36, clearly shows the subsequent owner of the mansion from Lauderdale&#39;s son, James Lauderdale Jr., a Col. Henry Bowyer, having purchased the home in 1796.</p><br>
<p>A famous book named &#39;Rose - A Woman of Color" centers around a legal case involving this slave named Rose, daughter of Jenny. Jenny was one of the slaves owned by Mr. Lauderdale at the time. Lauderdale was always the center of attention in Botetourt, much like Tara in" Gone With The Wind". Many galas, weddings and community get-togethers were held at the grand mansion.</p><br>
<p>The house has been added to or otherwise remodeled on at least two subsequent occasions, about 1840 and about 1926. It is a two-story, brick dwelling that has a one-room-deep, center-passage-plan form with a five-bay north-facing front elevation, a two-story ell, and a rear addition built about 1926. It features Greek Revival style decorative details and a Colonial Revival style portico added in 1926. Also on the property are a contributing privy and outbuilding.</p><br>
<p>The side sun room was added and later converted into a closed room. Descendants of the Lauderdale family purchased the house in the mid 1970&#39;s and rebuilt the wall on the left side of the house as it was beginning to fall. The structure was built in a manner of a number of bricks on the lower levels with a diminishing number of layers as the structure rose. The kitchen was added on the back of the house and featured a double restaurant-type walk in refrigerator and freezer My family once owned Lauderdale. My great-great grandfather was President of the Bank of Buchanan and gifted the house to my great grand father, O.T. Mundy. My grandfather was born on the property, and I have visited the property many times. At a point in time, Edward Johnston sold the property to Edward J. McCulloch. Four years later McCulloch sold Lauderdale to James Mundy. Mundy gave his son Oliver T. Mundy the use of the house and farm. Oliver lived at Lauderdale with his wife Laura Rader Mundy and a son, Armand P. Mundy (b. ca. 1892). Oliver Mundy kept a team of Percheron horses on the farm which he used to maintain area roads. Oliver later built a house across the road and moved there.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Silas A. Rice Log House, located on Oregon Route 19 at Burns Park in Condon, Oregon, is a historic log house built in 1884 as a simple pen of hewn logs. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>It was a homesteader&#39;s cabin and is one of few surviving hewn log houses in a wide area of Oregon. The cabin was named after Silas and Mary Jane Rice who relocated to Gilliam County from Utah in 1884, riding by covered wagon over the Oregon Trail. The cabin is constructed of doug fir logs, originally harvested by Silas from the Lost Valley area, about 17 miles southeast of Condon. The cabin was originally located about two miles from its current location, and eventually was abandoned and deteriorated slowly. The cabin was moved by the Gilliam County Historical Society in 1987; it was dismantled and reconstructed by hand and "faithfully in main part."</p><br>
<p>The Medford Free Public Library is a Carnegie library in Medford, Wisconsin, built in 1916. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The first library in Medford was a reading room in Temperance Hall, opened in 1903 and operated by the local chapter of the Womans Christian Temperance Union and the Medford Womens Club. In 1909 the reading room moved to a larger room in the same building, but it soon outgrew that space, too.</p><br>
<p>In 1913, the library board applied to the Carnegie Foundation for support in building a free-standing library with more space. The city agreed to give $600 a year to operate the library if the Carnegie Foundation would give $6000 for the new building. Architect Hans Theodore Liebert (1877-1966) of Wausau designed the building and H. A. Giles built it. In 1915 the Medford Woman&#39;s Alliance was formed to support the library. February 22, 1917 was the grand opening, with the library holding 2,221 books.</p><br>
<p>Liebert designed the building in the Prairie School style. Hallmarks of that style present in this building are the emphasis on horizontal lines, the hip roof, the stucco, and the abstract geometric patterns in the frieze.</p><br>
<p>This building served the community as a library until 1998. By the 1990s needs had again outgrown the space of the building. After debating whether to expand the existing building or construct a new library at a different site, the community decided on the latter. The Simeks gave a large contribution toward a new building, the Frances L. Simek Memorial Library was built, and 20,000 books were moved in late 1998. Since the library moved, the local Chamber of Commerce has taken up residence in the 1916 building.</p><br>
<p>Deer Lodge Pass, elevation 5,879 ft, is a mountain pass on the Continental Divide in southwestern Montana, about 11 miles southwest of Butte. It is traversed by Interstate 15 and is one of three crossings of the Divide by I-15 , the others being Monida Pass  and Elk Park Pass north of Butte. Unlike most other passes in western Montana, Deer Lodge Pass is in the midst of treeless, rolling hills , and the grades on the highway are relatively gentle.</p><br>
<p>About 0.7 mi west of the highway crossing is a slightly lower pass, elevation 5,801 ft, that carries a branch line of the Union Pacific Railroad across the Divide. This is sometimes also referred to as Deer Lodge Pass, but the official railroad name for this location is Feely. The railroad line connects Silver Bow, Montana with Idaho Falls, Idaho and is a remnant of the Utah and Northern Railway, completed over the pass in 1881 and converted to standard gauge five years later.</p><br>
<p>The Eastholme, also known as Eastholme of the Rockies, is a historic building in Cascade, near Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was built in 1886 and in operation by 1887 as a boarding house.</p><br>
<p>It was built by a widow, Eliza Marriott Hewlett, and her sisters, Ellen and Caroline. Hewlett was from Schenectady, New York. Eliza Marriott Hewlett, the oldest of three sisters, left the state of New York for Colorado in the 1880s, and brought her two children with her to Cascade. It was quite uncommon for "ladies of leisure" to have moved to Colorado during this period; It was theorized that the women "may have come because of the publicity lent to the area by such romantic writers of the day as Helen Hunt..., who extolled the beauties of the Pikes Peak region."</p><br>
<p>Most of Cascade Canyon was homesteaded by the sisters. Caroline Marriott lived near the confluence of French and Fountain Creeks. Ellen lived beside waterfalls, "high up in the canyon" and Eliza lived at the entrance to Cascade Canyon in a log cabin. There she "entertained friends from Manitou at taffy pulls and sledding parties. Others came to the area for their health or to establish ranches. Uncommon for a woman the 1880s, Hewlett became the Cascade Town and Improvement Company&#39;s secretary. The company contributed to the cost of the development of the Pikes Peak Carriage Road and, having purchased land from the sisters in 1886 opened two larger hotels in Cascade.</p><br>
<p>The building, designed after elegant eastern hotels, had eight gables. When the railway was established through Ute Pass, there was an increase in tourism in the area and development of large resort hotels. Eastholme is the only remaining summer resort building in Cascade. The inn is a designated Ute Pass Landmark by the 1976 Bicentennial Committee.</p><br>
<p>In 1888, Eastholme was sold by Hewlett to her sister. Hewlett was, however, listed as proprietor of the hotel in 1892 and 1897 business directories. For a short period of time Eastholme was used as a sanitarium and leased as a boarding house. William Slutz bought the property in 1899. It was purchased in 1913 by Mr. and Mrs. A.S. Hewitt.</p><br>
<p>Following the closure of the Colorado Midland Railway, large hotels "would disappear in the 1920s." Over time, though, Eastholme was able to survive and continues to operate as a source of lodging.</p><br>
<p>During the 1920s many tourists began to travel by car, rather than train. Eastholme accommodated the travelers, as well as racers in the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb.</p><br>
<p>It was operated by Mrs. Hewitt, after the death of her husband in 1919, until 1940 when it was sold to Mrs. Stanley Eastham. Between 1913 and 1940, the Hewitts added an extension to the house, constructed cottages and named the building the "East Home Hotel". The Jacobsons purchased the building in 1970 and operated as a boarding house throughout the year. In 1988, they converted it to a bed and breakfast. It was sold to Teresha Thompson in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Ute Pass summer resorts</h2><br>
<p>The Colorado Midland Railway provided service from Old Colorado City, then Colorado City, west through Ute Pass. Communities were developed for people seeking summer respite. In the 1880s, there were also people in the Cascade Canyon area that ran businesses delivering supplies via mule trains to the Leadville and Cripple Creek mining towns.</p><br>
<p>The Cascade Canyon House was opened by the Cascade Town Company in 1887 and The Ramona House, "the towns centerpiece", was opened in 1891. Thousands of tourists traveled along the Pikes Peak Carriage Road up to Pikes Peaks summit. It was opened by the Cascade Town Company in 1888 and closed in 1902.</p><br>
<p>Ute Park, now Chipita, Green Mountain Falls, and Crystola were also developed in this time period.</p><br>
<h2>Bed and breakfast inn</h2><br>
<p>The bed and breakfast inn, now called Eastholme in the Rockies, It has 2 cottages, 2 suites and 4 guest rooms. Fireplaces are in each room, and bathrooms are in each cottage or room, except the 2 guest rooms on the third floor. Shared space includes a large porch spans the width of the front of the building, spacious dining room and parlor, and a backyard brick patio. The inn&#39;s gazebo may be used for events, such as weddings. It is furnished with turn-of-the-century antiques and a piano in the inn since the late 19th-century. It is a member of the Bed and Breakfast Innkeepers of Colorado.</p><br>
<p>Some of the inn&#39;s recipes are published in the Tasting Colorado: Favorite Recipes from the Centennial State book by Michele Morris. It was featured in the January, 2003 issue of Country Magazine.</p><br>
<h2>Ghost</h2><br>
<p>The ghost of a young woman in a tea-length, red satin dress has been seen in the inn. The inn has also experienced supernatural events when no one is visible, such as notes being played on the piano, electrical equipment being manipulated, the name "Grace" being whispered, and the sound of footsteps.</p><br>
<h2>Notable guests</h2><br>
<p>Before they were married, Dwight and Mamie Eisenhower stayed at the inn, as did her parents, the Douds, from Denver. The Douds stayed at Eastholme on many occasions. Racers in the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb stayed at inn in the 1920s. They "soaked the wooden wheels in barrels in the yard."</p><br>
<p>Barren Mountain is a mountain standing approximately 1,437 m, situated as one of the highest points on the Dorrigo Plateau, that is part of the Great Dividing Range, located in the Northern Tablelands and New England regions of New South Wales, Australia.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is located within the New England National Park and is situated 7 km east northeast of Majors Point Trigonometric Station and about 7 km north of the junction of Andersons and Cooks Creeks.</p><br>
<p>The nearest settlement, is located 21.7 km away to the east. The nearest sealed road is the Waterfall Way, located 3.3 km to the north.</p><br>
<p>The area has given a name to a type of tree, Barren Mountain Mallee (Eucalyptus approximans), which is abundant in the vicinity, however, has been assessed as a vulnerable and threatened species in the remainder of New South Wales.</p><br>
<p>Gardams Building is a heritage-listed retail building at 114 Queen Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1881. It is also known as Rutter and Sons. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This building was constructed in late 1881 and occupied by January 1882.</p><br>
<p>The deed of grant for allotment 11A was made to Auguste Deleuse in September 1881, following the 1880 demolition of the convict barracks which had occupied the site since 1827. A government decision to dispose of this Crown land prompted the redevelopment of that portion of the northern side of Queen street bounded by Albert Street and the first Brisbane Town Hall (now Country Comfort Hotel site). Deleuse erected a two storeyed building with basement, and negotiated a five year lease with jeweller Thomas Gerrard.</p><br>
<p>Ownership of the property transferred to John Ferguson in April 1888. Ferguson, MLA for Rockhampton at the time, was also a building contractor and mining investor. His purchase of this site appears to have been speculative. After Fergusons death in 1906 title passed to various trustees who retained the site until its purchase by Gardams Silk Store Pty Ltd at auction in August 1950. Tenants at the time of sale were Rutter and Son, chemists, who had been there since the latter years of World War I.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the original building, another brick building with ground, mezzanine and two upper floors fronting Burnett Lane was included in the sale. Sewerage maps indicate a structure in that position from at least 1913. This building has been incorporated within the present Gardams premises. The building continued to be used by Gardams until the heritage listing in 1992. Gardams have subsequently relocated to another site. Since 2013, Flight Centre operate their Brisbane flagship store in the building.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Gardam&#39;s building is a small scale Victorian era commercial building that features some elaborate Italianate detailing. It has two storeys of stuccoed brick on a stone basement.</p><br>
<p>At street level the facade has been modernised with large plate glass shop windows and a recessed central entrance. However, the upper facade remains as it was when the building was constructed. Three window openings with round arched heads fill the upper facade. The elaborate hood moulds of the arches are carried by fluted pilasters with Corinthian capitals. This arrangement gives the impression of arcading on the upper facade. Within the openings are timber sash windows. Large stylised vermiculated keystones rise from the arches to support the cornice. At either end of the upper facade large fluted pilasters with Corinthian capitals also support the cornice.</p><br>
<p>The cornice is an elaborate element of the facade considering the size of the building. It has large brackets and ornamented dentils. Above the cornice is a parapet with a central triangular pediment. At the ends of the parapet are pedestals and an open Italianate balustrade runs between these and the pediment. Three large cast cement urns crown the pedestals and the pediment.</p><br>
<p>The building at the rear of the site fronting Burnett Lane was originally separate, but has been amalgamated with the front building during the present ownership. Evidence of this connection can be clearly seen from the upper level of the rear building. A connection has also been made at the first floor level in the front section of the building to allow access to the same level of the neighbouring Hardy Brothers building.</p><br>
<p>This example of a small scale Victorian commercial building is part of a surviving group of buildings of similar scale and detail from this era fronting Queen Street and as such contributes greatly to the streetscape.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Gardams was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>Gardams Building is significant as evidence of the secondary phase of development in Queen Street during the early 1880s, initiated by the disposal of the convict barracks.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>Gardams remains a good example of a small two-storeyed commercial building of the Victorian era with ornate detailing.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>Aesthetically, it is significant as a part of a group of surviving 1880s commercial buildings which contribute to the streetscape of Queen Street.</p><br>
<p>Hardy Brothers Building is a heritage-listed shop at 116 Queen Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Richard Gailey and built in 1881. It is also known as Love&#39;s Auction Mart. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This building was constructed in 1881 principally for Love&#39;s Auction Mart, on land owned by Brisbane architect Richard Gailey.</p><br>
<p>A government decision to demolish the convict barracks which covered this site since 1827 and to dispose of the Crown land, gave impetus to the redevelopment of that portion of the northern side of Queen Street bounded by the old Brisbane Town Hall (in 2016, the NEXT hotel site) and Albert Street. A deed of grant for allotment 12 of section 12 was issued to Richard Gailey, architect, in April 1881. By June work had commenced on the erection of a two-storeyed brick building with stone foundations. With a 24 foot frontage to Queen Street and a depth of 138 feet, the lower floor of the building was to serve as an auction mart for David Love, auctioneer and valuator. Richard Gailey occupied some office space on the upper floor. Given his ownership of the land and occupancy of the office, it is most probable that Gailey was responsible for the design of the building.</p><br>
<p>In 1888 importing ironmongers Wilson and Southerden moved to this site. Before moving in they made improvements to the premises, rebuilding part of the facade by erecting an archway on the ground level, described as the finest in the city. Gailey transferred title to his mortgagor Australian Mutual Provident Society in July 1894.</p><br>
<p>AMP issued a 3 year lease to John, Samuel and Arthur Morley Hardy. The Hardy brothers initially leased only the ground and basement floors, and purchased the site in October 1895. Photographic suppliers Baker and Rouse shared the ground floor during the late 1890s, and WT Atthow solicitor occupied rooms on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>Various tenants occupied the upper floor in the intervening years until 1963 when Gardams Trading Pty Ltd took over the lease. An opening from the adjacent Gardams Building was made in the wall, allowing movement between premises.</p><br>
<p>In 1979 title for this property passed from Hardy Brothers, though the company occupying it continues to trade under that name. Hardy Brothers have subsequently relocated to new premises at 225 Queen Street. In 2016, the building is occupied by the Bank of Queensland.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Hardy Brothers is a Victorian era Italianate building located at 116 Queen Street. It consists of two storeys and a basement and is built predominantly of stuccoed brick on a stone foundation.</p><br>
<p>The lower level Queen Street facade has undergone numerous changes while the upper level is mostly intact. This consists of three semicircular arched window openings, the central arch being larger than the ones to either side. This central arch originally had two smaller archways supported on a slender central Corinthian column above which was a small circular window. The original sash windows of these openings have been replaced by large casements. The three openings are separated by pilasters with Corinthian capitals. Below each window is a balustrade of roundels, with a rosette in each circle. Above the arches is a continuous decorative label mould of floral motifs, with floral label stops. The cornice is made prominent by a row of dentils, and four sets of elaborate paired brackets. Above the cornice is an ornate parapet with a central triangular pediment containing three arched recesses echoing the window openings below. The rest of the parapet has a balustrade of small arched balusters, and at each end of the parapet is a pedestal supporting a vase. A vase also stands at the peak of the central pediment.</p><br>
<p>The lower facade originally had three arched openings, but by the 1890s a steel and glass shopfront had been installed. The shopfront has been considerably altered over time to suit different tenants. One such shopfront was designed by Lange Powell in 1914. The street level facade now has a recessed doorway, plate glass window and a modern cantilevered awning.</p><br>
<p>Internally the building is connected at the first floor level to its neighbour Gardams Building. At the basement level there is visible evidence of the original stone construction, brick partitioning walls and timber structure to the floor above.</p><br>
<p>The building is part of a group of intact Victorian era buildings in this part of Queen Street and thus has a significant influence on the streetscape.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>Hardy Brothers was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>Hardy Brothers building survives as an important example of the secondary phase of development in Queen Street during the early 1880s, initiated by the disposal of the convict barracks.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a late 19th century commercial building with ornate Italianate detailing, and aesthetically makes a strong contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of surviving 1880s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a late 19th century commercial building with ornate Italianate detailing, and aesthetically makes a strong contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of surviving 1880s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The place has a strong and special long term association with the firm of Hardy Brothers, and a special association with owner and occupier Brisbane architect Richard Gailey.</p><br>
<p>The Edwards and Chapman Building is a heritage-listed retail warehouse at 120 Queen Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Francis Drummond Greville Stanley and built from 1881 to 1882 by Henry Holmes. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This building was erected as a retail warehouse during 1881-1882 and occupied by Edwards and Chapman in December 1882.</p><br>
<p>Welsh businessman Richard Edwards joined Scotsman James Chapman in the establishment of a drapery store in Brisbane in 1877. Successful in their venture, the two required larger premises and in September 1881 acquired deeds of grant to Allotments 13, 13A and 14 of Section 12. The convict barracks, later first parliamentary buildings and supreme court had stood on this site from 1827 until its demolition in early 1881. A government decision to dispose of this Crown land prompted the redevelopment of the northern side of Queen street bounded by the old Brisbane Town Hall (in 2016, the NEXT Hotel site) and Albert Street.</p><br>
<p>Ex-Colonial Architect Francis DG Stanley supervised the construction of the building by contractor H Holmes. With a frontage of 48 feet to Queen Street and a depth of 138 feet, this substantial warehouse incorporated features designed to "meet the requirements of a tropical climate". The three storey building with basement was notable for its 18-foot ceilings, and had an oval opening 50 feet by 15 feet in each floor. This device was intended to allow ventilation and better light dispersion. A hydraulic-powered Otis lift was also incorporated in the building.</p><br>
<p>The company was dissolved when Richard Edwards retired in 1891 and James Chapman obtained title to the site in May of that year. As Chapman and Company the business diversified into soft furnishings and furniture. In 1923 extensive alterations were carried out to the shopfronts by SS Carrick under the guidance of architectural firm Hall and Prentice. The work necessitated the insertion of steel columns and girders into the existing stonework.</p><br>
<p>Chapmans sold the building in 1938 ending the a 56-year association with the site. Subsequently, the building has been occupied by many other retail businesses. In 1992 when the building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register, it was occupied by the women&#39;s clothing store Sportsgirl. In 2016, the basement level was occupied by a pharmacy.</p><br>
<p>The building is now occupied on the three upper levels by City Beach, a Queensland-based fashion retailer.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Edwards and Chapman Building located at 120 Queen Street dates from the Victorian era and was designed by FDG Stanley with ornate Italianate detailing.</p><br>
<p>It consists of three storeys with a basement and an attic level. It has a simple rectangular plan with brick back and side walls and a richly ornamented front. The rear of the building is polychrome brickwork while the front also uses lightly coloured Oamaru limestone. At street level facing Queen Street there is presently a modern shop front with a central doorway flanked by shop windows, and a suspended awning above.</p><br>
<p>The first floor level has a projecting bay or oriel window with flanking arcades. The original detail of the bay window has been replaced with a modern glazed structure. The arcading is composed of round-headed arches supported on partially fluted pilasters, with Corinthian capitals. Recessed behind the arches are plate glass windows.</p><br>
<p>The second floor level has round headed window openings in line with the arches on the level below. These openings have decorative hood mouldings, and prominent keystones of acanthus leaves. The facade is finished with a dentilled string course which is the base of a Corinthian entablature with Italianate balustrading. A vase is located above a pedestal at each end and centred above the parapet is a triangular pediment. This has the words "ERECTED 1882" engraved on the surface.</p><br>
<p>Internally the building has suffered with its changing ownership, but although the original internal columns have been encased some traces of their original decoration remain.</p><br>
<p>The rear polychrome brick facade of the building has a carefully composed elevation of arched openings with the stone base partially exposed. Little has changed to this facade since it was first constructed apart from the bricking up of some of the openings and the installation of modern entry doors for access from Burnett Lane.</p><br>
<p>The building is part of a group of surviving Victorian commercial buildings that are prominent in this portion of Queen Street.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage listing</h2><br>
<p>The Edwards and Chapman Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland&apos;s history.</p><br>
<p>The building is important in demonstrating the evolution of Queensland&#39;s history, in particular the secondary phase of development in Queen Street during the early 1880s, initiated by the disposal of the convict barracks.</p><br>
<p>The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.</p><br>
<p>The building demonstrates the principal characteristics of the commercial work of Brisbane architect, FDG Stanley and of a Victorian era commercial building with ornate Italianate detailing.</p><br>
<p>The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.</p><br>
<p>The building is important in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics valued by the community, in particular, its contribution to the streetscape of Queen Street as part of a group of surviving 1880s commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>Breckinridge Mill, also known as Howells Mill and Breckinridge Mill Complex, is a historic grist mill complex located near Fincastle, Botetourt County, Virginia. The mill was built about 1822, and is a 3 1/2-story, brick structure. The mill was converted to apartments in 1977. Associated with the mill are two contributing wood-frame, late 19th-century sheds. Also associated with the mill is the millers or Howell house. It was built about 1900, and is a two-story, Queen Anne style frame structure with a T-plan and gabled roof. The mill was built for James Breckinridge  and replaced an earlier mill erected by him in 1804.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with a boundary increase in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Tizi-n-Test is a small pass in the High Atlas mountains. A road crosses the pass, connecting Marrakech and Taroudannt. The pass is at 2,093 m, where a commemorative plaque certifies that the road was laid between 1926 and 1932.</p><br>
<p>The road connects Asni, Ouirgane, Talaat-n-Yacoub and Tin-Mal. The road is particularly challenging on the 1,600 m descent from the high pass to Taroudannt.</p><br>
<p>The fertile valley between Ouirgane and the pass is watered by the Nfiss River. It is the traditional land of the Goundafas, one of several Berber tribes who struggled for control of the High Atlas in the 19th century. In 1906, the rival Glaoui tribe attacked the Nfiss valley and burned the Kasbah of Talaat-n-Yacoub. As a result, the Goundafa built the castle of Agadir-n-Gouf, a few kilometres outside Tin-Mal, in 1907. In 1912, France, which colonised Morocco, made political bargains with the Berber rulers: The Glaoui leader was created Pacha of Marrakech, while the Goundafa remained in control of the High Atlas. After capturing Taroudant in 1913, the Goundafa leader was acknowledged as the effective ruler of the south.</p><br>
<p>The Old House in Milverton in Somerset, England is a Grade II* listed building dating from the late 14th and early 15th century, although there may also be remains of an earlier building on the site.</p><br>
<p>The house is built of red sandstone with Hamstone dressings. It was built as a residence for the archdeacon of Taunton and was the home of Thomas Cranmer, in the 1530s while he held the post. It was only sold by the church in the mid 20th century.</p><br>
<p>While the house was being renovated in the early 21st century, a Tudor wall painting of Henry VIII was discovered underneath the plaster as it was being removed. It is the only one of its kind in a domestic dwelling. It has been speculated that there is a secret message in the image., which has been dated to around 1541.</p><br>
<p>Elk Park Pass, elevation 6,352 ft, is a mountain pass on the Continental Divide in southwestern Montana, about 4 mi northeast of Butte. It is traversed by Interstate 15 and is one of three crossings of the Divide by the Interstate , the others being Monida Pass  and Deer Lodge Pass southwest of Butte. Elk Park Pass lies on the border between Silver Bow and Jefferson counties and is remarkable for its highly asymmetrical nature. The approach from the north is through namesake Elk Park, a high, mostly treeless plain , and the grade is almost imperceptible. The elevation at the northeast end of the park, about 10 mi from the pass, is about 6,200 ft, only 152 ft lower than the pass itself. However, at the south end, the highway drops 750 ft from the pass into Butte over a distance of only about 4 mi.</p><br>
<p>At one time Elk Park Pass was also traversed by a railroad line, constructed by the Great Northern Railway and later operated by its successor, Burlington Northern. However, this line was abandoned in 1972.</p><br>
<p>Lac des Nations is an artificial lake located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It was created during the construction of a hydroelectric dam used to power the old Patton Co factory.</p><br>
<p>Fed by the Magog River, it is at the heart of the Cité des Rivières Project, which aims to promote tourism and the revitalization of Sherbrooke&#39;s rivers.</p><br>
<p>Crossed by the Central Maine and Quebec Railway (a piece of the pre-1994 Canadian Pacific line to Saint John, New Brunswick), it is bordered by the vast Parc Jacques-Cartier. Lac des Nations is the location of the Jean Perrault Waterskiing school.</p><br>
<p>Surrounding the Lac des Nations is a promenade. Attractions along the path include the a water fountain, the Halte des Nations, and the Marché de la Gare public market. The Orford Express tourist train stopped near the Marché de la Gare.</p><br>
<p>The annual Fête du Lac des Nations is located in Parc Jacques-Cartier along the lake.</p><br>
<p>Hobson&#39;s Choice is an historic home located near Alberta, Brunswick County, Virginia. It was built in the Palladian style about 1794 by Dr. Richard Feild for his bride Ann Meade, on land the groom bought from his father-in-law. The</p><br>
<p>Edinburgh educated physician also had considerable knowledge of botany and astronomy, edited The Intelligencer and Petersburg Commercial Advertiser, and three times served as a Presidential elector. Although Feild died in 1829, the plantation stayed in the family until 1870.</p><br>
<p>The one-story brick structure has a central pavilion with flanking wings connected by hyphens in a late-Georgian style. A stone addition was built about 1860, a brick room added in 1947, and a frame enclosed porch about 1953.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Brunswick County Courthouse Square is a historic county courthouse complex and national historic district located at Lawrenceville, Brunswick County, Virginia. It encompasses four contributing buildings and two contributing objects. They are the courthouse building, a clerk&#39;s office, library, jail, Confederate war monument, and a simple granite slab monument commemorating the county’s veterans of World War I to the Vietnam War. Together they constitute a classic Southern courthouse square. The courthouse was built in 1854-55, as</p><br>
<p>a two-story, gable-roofed rectangular brick building in the Greek Revival style. In 1939, a rear brick addition was completed, creating a T-shaped plan. The clerk&#39;s office is a two-story brick building built in 1893, with rear additions built in 1924 and 1939. The library was built in 1941.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is located in the Lawrenceville Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Buckingham Courthouse Historic District is a historic county courthouse complex and national historic district located at Buckingham, Buckingham County, Virginia. It encompasses 10 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object. The courthouse building was built in 1873, and is a two-story temple-form Greek Revival style building fronted by a pedimented tetrastyle Doric order portico. It replaced an earlier courthouse designed by Thomas Jefferson and built between 1822 and 1824, but burned down in 1869. Also included in the district is the former Buckingham Tavern, former Buckingham Inn, the Leach House, the Presbyterian manse, the Masonic Hall, a brick house called West View, the Trinity Presbyterian Church , and Confederate monument.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.</p><br>
<p>The Buckingham Female Collegiate Institute Historic District is a historic school complex and national historic district located at Gravel Hill, Buckingham County, Virginia. In 1831, Samuel Shepard and Dr. John Wesley Langhorne organized Trustees of the Female Collegiate Institute to establish the first charted college for women in Virginia. This institute would be located in Buckingham County Virginia in the Gravel Hill area of the county. It originally encompassed five contributing buildings associated with the Institute which operated from 1837 to 1863. They are of brick and frame construction and are the Presidents House , the Henry James Brown House, the John S. West store/dwelling, the Institute Tavern , and the Cobb-West-England House . The Presidents House was demolished by its owner in 2010, over objections from the local historical society, after it was damaged by falling trees; the owner claimed that repairs to the structure would be too costly. In 1837, the Buckingham Female Collegiate Institute was incorporated by the Virginia General Assembly. The college opened in 1838 to provide accommodations for 120 students. Students were offered degrees in either Mistress of English Literature or Mistress of Classic Literature. The college struggled financially and finally closed its doors in 1863.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>Antonia Ford (1838-1871)</p><br>
<p>Avoca, also known as Avoca Museum, is a historic home located near Altavista, Campbell County, Virginia. It was designed by Lynchburg Architect, John Minor Botts Lewis and built in 1901, after the original and second dwellings were destroyed by fire in 1879 and 1900. It is a large 2 1/2-story, asymnetrical, wood-frame residence in the Queen Anne style. It has a hipped roof and features a tower and verandah. Also on the property are a contributing 1 1/2- story brick kitchen, a wood-frame smokehouse, tenants house and office, and family cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Property and family history</h2><br>
<p>Avoca was originally the private residence of Colonel Charles Lynch (1736–1796). He established his home here in 1755 as part of a land grant from King George II of England to his father, in 1740, and called it Green Level. Colonel Charles Lynch was a planter and distinguished himself as a lawmaker and soldier during the turbulent times of the American Revolution era. The term "Lynch&#39;s Law" (which became "lynching") may derive from his name, although he did not practice lynching in the later, murderous sense of the word.</p><br>
<p>The property was passed down through the Lynch family and upon the death of Charles Henry Lynch (1800–1875), the property went to his niece, Mary Anna Dearing Fauntleroy. Her grandson, Dr. Lindley Murray Winston, deeded the property to the Town of Altavista in 1981 as a memorial to his family.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Avoca Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Avoca property is maintained as a historical museum. The collection, displays, programs and interpretations are planned to take account of the cultural and natural history of the region. The property is used for education and recreational purposes and serves the people of the greater Altavista area.</p><br>
<p>Because the house was unoccupied since the mid-1970s, there was need for interior repair before it could be opened to the public. In the meantime, the small Staunton River Valley Museum was opened weekends in the brick kitchen. Prior to its opening, the kitchen, exterior painting of the main house, and seed money were provided by $15,000 grants from E. R. English and Abbot Laboratories.</p><br>
<p>Gradually, through the generosity of benefactors and hard work of volunteers, one room at a time in the main house was stabilized. Gifts of furniture enhanced the revitalization efforts and in 1986 Avoca opened for tours. Due to the growth of the museum, a need for increased fund-raising, and more volunteer involvement, a historical society was founded in 1987. At this time the Staunton River Valley Museum became Avoca Museum and Historical Society and Rusty Hicks served as its first president.</p><br>
<p>In 1991 an administrator was hired to oversee issues dealing with current policies, operations, facilities and programs, member recruitment, hiring a director to manage day-to-day operations (hired in 1995), and the feasibility of acquiring or constructing storage, exhibition, and administrating offices.</p><br>
<p>1991 and 1992 were a watershed for Avoca. The Lane Company, in collaboration with Country Living Magazine, refurbished the main house. Donations of furniture by the Lane Company, fabrics, window treatments, and accessories transformed the house. National and local media coverage expanded visitation and Avoca enjoyed a successful year.</p><br>
<p>A five-year campaign was launched in 1995 to restore the exterior of the house, rehabilitate the farm office, and expand the school and community outreach programs. Grants were awarded to Avoca by the Commonwealth of Virginia and the Town of Altavista for $30,000 each. The Timken Foundation of Canton provided $85,000 toward the restoration.</p><br>
<h2>Annual Harvest Jubilee & Wine Festival</h2><br>
<p>Held each fall at the Avoca Museum, this festival includes many vineyards from the local area and has grown larger over the past few years. Some wineries that participate are Rebec, Hickory Hills, Tomahawk, Gabriele Rausse, Stonewall, and Peaks of Otter.</p><br>
<p>Edgeplain, also known as the Arthur House, is a historic building used as a dormitory on the Colorado College campus of Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Arthur House, now a small dormitory on the Colorado College campus, was home to Chester Alan Arthur II, son of President Chester A. Arthur. It was first built by Lyman Bass, a successful attorney who partnered with Grover Cleveland and worked for William Jackson Palmer&#39;s Denver and Rio Grande Railroad.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Bass family</h3><br>
<p>Frances and Lyman K. Bass hired architect A.C. Williard to design a home for them in 1881. They named it "Edgeplain", and had its name etched into one of the building&#39;s stones, because it was located alongside undeveloped prairie. It cost $115,000 to build the stone Tudor Revival house. The home has distinctive stonework, with different colors and finishes, such as pecked and vermiculated masonry dressings. Tinted mortar was used between sandstone blocks of different sizes. Insides was John LaFarge designed "jeweled glass", tiled fireplaces and opulent paneling. The couple entertained singers and musicians.</p><br>
<h4>Lyman K. Bass</h4><br>
<p>Lyman Kidder Bass was an attorney in practice with Grover Cleveland and a USA Representative, in the state of New York. In 1874, Bass married Frances Metcalfe of Buffalo. He moved to Colorado Springs in the hope of improving his health after having contracted tuberculosis. (See Tuberculosis treatment in Colorado Springs). While in the city he became an attorney for Denver and Rio Grande Railroad, General William Jackson Palmers company. He died in New York City in May 1889. Francis sold the home following her husbands death; It was owned by several people before it was purchased by Chester Alan Arthur and his wife.</p><br>
<h3>Arthur family</h3><br>
<p>Between 1901 and 1922, the home belonged to Chester Alan Arthur II, son of President Chester A. Arthur. After Alan Arthur and his wife Myra purchased the home, they had it expanded and remodeled by Thompson Hetherington and Walter Douglas, prominent local architects who built Colorado College residential halls. Their home was "one of the outstanding meetings places of the social leaders from Colorado Springs and Denver.</p><br>
<h4>Chester Alan Arthur II</h4><br>
<p>Arthur was called "the Prince of Washington" for the way he made the most of being the son of the President, such as attending receptions and using the presidential yacht and car. After attending Princeton University, he studied law at Columbia University. After graduation he went to Europe and stayed there for 10 years, before he took the bar examination. He married wealthy divorcee Myra Fithian Andrews in May 1900 in Switzerland. Like Lyman Bass, in October 1900, Arthur and his bride came to Colorado for his health; he had asthma and bronchitis. His health improved in the Colorado climate. He was made president of Cheyenne Mountain Country Club. Polo became a favored sport as the result of top polo players to the area. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt came to Colorado Springs, he had dinner at Edgeplain and attended a polo match during his 1901 visit.</p><br>
<h3>Subsequent residents</h3><br>
<p>Fannie and Oklahoma businessman Joseph Abraham bought the furnished house in 1922 as their summer home for $30,000. Between 1926 and 1927 the Phi Delta Theta fraternity inhabited the house.</p><br>
<p>Joseph died and Fannie Abraham sold the house to Charlotte and John Shaver in 1929. He was owner of a department store chain from Minnesota to Washington and Oregon and sold his interests in 1927 to J. C. Penney Company. Charlotte was a gardener and studied painting. John was a businessman who worked until 1943. Charlotte and John both died in 1960. Their daughters sold the home to Colorado College in 1962.</p><br>
<h2>Colorado College</h2><br>
<p>Colorado College bought the house to include it within their campus. Arthur House was used as a men&#39;s, and then a coed, dormitory. About 20 students live in the dormitory on the western part of the campus that has a combination of rooms for 1, 2 or 3 people. It has living, kitchen and recreational space.</p><br>
<p>Bruce-Monroe Elementary School at Park View is an elementary school in Washington, D.C. It is located in the historic Park View School in the city&#39;s Park View neighborhood. It is part of the District of Columbia Public Schools. The building was designed by architect Snowden Ashford in 1916. It was listed on the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites on May 24, 2012, and added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 1, 2013. The school continues to serve the community as an elementary school.</p><br>
<p>The origin of the school can be traced back to the efforts of the Park View Citizens Association and their persistent appeal to Congress for funds to purchase the land and build a school for their growing neighborhood. Ashford designed the school in his preferred style of Collegiate Gothic. Unusual for an elementary school, Ashfords design included a dedicated auditorium with a notable wooden truss that supports the auditorium roof.</p><br>
<p>Originally a 16 room structure, the school quickly became too small for the needs of the community. In 1920 the progressive platoon school model was adopted, unique in Washington, which helped address the school&#39;s space problem. In 1931, two new wings were added to the building to again provide room for the growing enrollment.</p><br>
<p>Son Beel  is one of the largest lakes in southern Assam in India. It is situated in the Karimganj district, and is the largest wetland in Assam state. The speciality of Son Beel is that during winter season it becomes fully farm land where Rice  cultivation is done and after winter from March onward this piece of land gets slowly filled up with water and become a lake. The depth of this lake is very less so when there is too much of rain then the lake overflows and the excess water channels through the Kakra/Cachua river to the Kushira river and eventually flows into Bangladesh. Son Beel is also famous for its mixed characteristics i.e. both Lotic and Lentic ecosystem exists here. The Shingla river is flowing through the middle of Son Beel, therefore the fauna of this Beel are very rich,</p><br>
<p>Although it can be a lake, but the water of this lake can be seen in the summer seasons only.rest of year you can find a clean land there. Therefore,</p><br>
<p>The locality of this place has made there routine for the summer seasons and the winter as well, this is nothing but a simple change in profession due to the change in condition, which means, as its a lake full of water during the summer seasons people does fishing and which is the only source of money for the farmars of this place during this season. Similarly, as there is no water during the winter seasons in the lake, so people than starts cultivating rice, and this system is been continued from many years.this is the way of living style of the locality of this place.</p><br>
<p>"Most of the people dont know the fact that it is the Second Largest Wetland in Asia&#39;".</p><br>
<p>The Tonopah Main Post Office, also known as US Post Office&ndash;Tonopah Main, is the main post office in Tonopah, Nevada. Built in 1941, the post office was the first and only federally constructed post office in the city. The post office was designed in a Starved Classical style typical of federal buildings of the era. The government began planning the post office in 1937, and its site was chosen in 1940. The buildings cornerstone was laid in May 1941; a civic ceremony and parade marked the occasion. The post office opened for business on December 7, 1941, the same day as the attack on Pearl Harbor. In addition to serving as Tonopahs post office, the building also houses government offices in its basement.</p><br>
<p>The post office was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 28, 1990.</p><br>
<p>Federal Hill is a historic home located near Forest, Campbell County, Virginia. It was built in 1782, and is a three part Palladian-type dwelling. It consists of a 2 1/2-story main block flanked by one-story wings. It has a brick kitchen addition added in 1955-1956. The house is a frame structure sheathed in weatherboard. The front facade features a two-tier pedimented gable portico that was constructed about 1930 to replace an earlier one. Also on the property is the contributing second clerk&#39;s office of Bedford County, built in 1772. Federal Hill was the residence of James Steptoe , the second clerk of Bedford County and lifelong friend of Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Cat Rock Sluice of the Roanoke Navigation is a historic sluice located near Brookneal, Campbell County, Virginia. Cat Rock Sluice is at Staunton Scenic River Mile 9.85. It consists of a deep cut about 10 feet wide, blasted through the south end of a wide rock ledge and extending across the main river channel. Associated with it is a "towing wall" measuring about 6 feet thick and at least 5 feet high. The wall was probably originally continuous, from about 50 feet above the cut to 300 feet below it. The 11-mile network of sluices and associated wing dams and towing walls was constructed by Samuel Pannill of Green Hill in 1827. It was built for the Roanoke Navigation Company to permit the passage of poled river boats, called batteaux, through the falls of the Staunton River.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Tallinn Bay  is a bay in Estonia on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland. The Estonian capital city Tallinn is located on the southern coast of the bay.</p><br>
<p>Tallinn Bay itself is divided into several parts: Tallinn Bay minor (Tallinna reid), Kopli Bay, Kakumäe bay and Paljassaare Bay. The islands Naissaar and Aegna border the bay in the north, the Viimsi Peninsula to the east.</p><br>
<p>The shore waters are shallow but deep rapidly. Tallinn Bay has a steep slope, which allows for good water exchange with the waters of the Gulf of Finland. Tallinn Bay is one of the deepest bays in Estonia, max depth is about 100 m.</p><br>
<p>The Old Town is situated close to the sheltered Tallinn bay, which is a natural harbour and the main passenger port. The Paljassaare Harbor and the Bekker Harbor by the Kopli Bay serve for cargo traffic. There are four public beaches on the coastline: Pirita, Stroomi, Kakumäe and Pikakari.</p><br>
<p>The Old Fresno Water Tower is a historic water tower in Fresno, California. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Designed by George Washington Maher, the tower was completed in late 1894. It ceased operation in 1963 and has served as a visitors&#39; center since 2001.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Chicago architect George Washington Maher was commissioned in 1891 to design a new water tower for Fresno. His design was influenced by the Great Chicago Fire of 1871; the fire destroyed the Chicago Public Library but not the Chicago Water Tower, which then acted as a temporary library. Maher&#39;s original design called for a library and a third floor to be built within the tower, but neither was executed. Construction finished in November 1894, and the water tower remained in use until 1963 when its pumping equipment had become inadequate. The water tower was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1971. It was designated an American Water Landmark by the American Water Works Association in 1972.</p><br>
<p>The first floor served for many years as a parking meter repair facility. In 2001, the tower was renovated into the visitors&#39; center for Fresno and Fresno County, at which time the second floor was removed.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The structure is an example of American Romanesque architecture. The tower stands 109 ft tall, with a 250,000 gal water storage tank. The tower has a 2 ft inner wall and a 14 in outer wall, separated by a 3 ft space. The exterior brick is painted. Because the third story was never built, the second story had a very high ceiling.</p><br>
<p>Green Falls, also known as Johnstons Tavern, Turners Store, Wrights Corner , and Dolly Wrights Corner, is a historic home located at Bowling Green, Caroline County, Virginia. It is believed to have been built about 1710 and dating to the Colonial period. The frame dwelling consists of a two-story, three bay, single pile, central block flanked by one-story wings. It is considered by some historians to be the earliest surviving 18th century frame dwelling in Caroline County. The building housed a tavern in the 18th century, a store in the mid-19th century, and a post office from 1831 to 1859. It features massive brick exterior end chimneys. Also on the property is a contributing 18th century meat house, late-19th century carriage house, and early-20th century barn.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Gaymont, or Gay Mont, is a historic home located at Port Royal, Caroline County, Virginia. Originally called "Rose Hill", the central section of the house was built about 1790 by John Hipkins as a two-story frame structure with a gable roof and two exterior end chimneys. His grandson and heir, John Hipkins Bernard, renamed the house in honor of his wife, Jane Gay Bolling Robertson, a descendant of Pocahontas. It was enlarged in 1819 with the addition of flanking one-story stuccoed brick wings and a one-story colonnade of stuccoed brick Tuscan columns. In 1834 a one-story octagonal music room was added and in 1839 an octagonal library and office at the ends of each wing. Except for a brief 18-month change in ownership in 1958–1959, the house remained in the Bernard-Robb family until 2007 at which time it transferred to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities. A family cemetery with almost 40 graves is set just to the north of the house along the forest edge.</p><br>
<p>In June 1959, a fire of debated origin destroyed the frame center section and octagonal music room. Shortly after the fire, Frances Bernard Robb Upton Patton, the great-granddaughter of John Hipkins Bernard, repurchased the property that she and her cousins had previously sold. Together with her husband James S. Patton, she rebuilt the house and restored the garden along their original lines. This time, the center section was built as a stuccoed masonry structure and the music room foundation left as a patio. Also on the property is a contributing early brick outbuilding, probably the original kitchen.</p><br>
<p>The Patton&#39;s donated the house, contents, and land to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities in 1975 with life tenancy for the donors. In 2007, APVA took ownership and subsequently sold it to John and Billings Cay of Charleston, SC who began a multimillion-dollar renovation of the house, including rebuilding the octagonal music room. They renamed the property "Rose Hill" as it was originally.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>The Dillingham Transportation Building was built in 1929 for Walter F. Dillingham of Honolulu, Hawaii, who founded the Hawaiian Dredging Company  and ran the Oahu Railway and Land Company founded by his father, Benjamin Franklin Dillingham. The building was designed in an Italian Renaissance Revival by architect Lincoln Rogers of Los Angeles, who also designed the Hawaii State Art Museum . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 and restored by Architects Hawaii Ltd. in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Notable tenants</h2><br>
<p>The Territorial Tavern was a restaurant and nightclub established in the building in the early 1970s. The tavern is notable as a starting point for emerging slack-key guitar performers such as Keola Beamer. The Territorial Tavern became a nexus of musical expression during the Second Hawaiian Renaissance, with the addition of acts such as the Brothers Cazimero, The Sons of Hawaii, Eddie Kamae, and Dennis Kamakahi, and others.</p><br>
<p>The Nevada-California-Oregon Railway Co. General Office Building, commonly known as the N.C.O. Building, is a historic site in Alturas, California, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was built 1917–1918 to serve as the headquarters of the Nevada-California-Oregon Railway. It has been an Elks Lodge since at least 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1880, the Nevada and Oregon Railroad was founded; it was sold in 1884 and renamed the Nevada–California–Oregon Railway (N.C.O.). N.C.O. began regular rail service for Alturas began on December 1, 1908. In 1917, N.C.O. sold part of its line, extending from Reno, Nevada, to Hackstaff, California, to Western Pacific Railroad for $700,000. Since N.C.O. based its headquarters in Reno, the company needed a new location along its remaining lines. Alturas offered $10,000 and 20 acre of land to N.C.O. to move to the town; the offer was accepted.</p><br>
<p>On August 24, 1917, the Alturas Plaindealer ran a feature on the proposed headquarters with an architect&#39;s drawing. The project was estimated at $40,000, and stone would be sourced from a quarry in Sisson, California. Construction began sometime shortly after. On January 30, 1918, N.C.O. staff arrived in Alturas; because the new building was not yet completed, they worked in offices in the Fitzgerald House. It is not apparent when construction was completed, but it was probably later in 1918.</p><br>
<p>In 1967, the N.C.O. Building was included in a California survey of historic sites in the state. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 6, 1974. Since at least 1974, the building has served as an Elks Lodge. The main exterior modifications to the building have been the addition of a BPOE (Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks) sign over the porch and a bulletin board.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The design of the building is transitional between the older Mission Revival style and the newer Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building&#39;s Mission Revival elements are its arches and curved gable; Churrigueresque ornamentation at the side entrance shows Spanish Colonial Revival influence. The roof is tile and at the corner is a bell tower. At the time of construction, the belfry was in need of a set of bells; a single one is metal, but the rest are wooden dummies turned by the company. The building is fronted with a well maintained lawn along the east face.</p><br>
<p>Moss Neck Manor is a historic, antebellum plantation house located at Rappahannock Academy, Caroline County, Virginia. It was completed in 1856, and consists of a two-story central section, long hyphens, and pedimented terminal wings. It is in the Greek Revival style. It features colonnaded verandahs with Doric order columns, a two-level portico, and octagonal cupola. The house measures 225 feet long.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Moss Neck Manor in the Civil War</h2><br>
<p>Moss Neck Manor, situated about 10 miles from the site of the Battle of Fredericksburg, was then owned by the Corbin Family. The Corbins invited General Stonewall Jackson to stay at Moss Neck Manor during the winter of 1862-63. He declined to stay in the main house, but accepted the use of an office outbuilding. Moss Neck Plantation became the winter quarters of the Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia.</p><br>
<p>Jackson entertained Confederate generals Robert E. Lee, Jeb Stuart, and William N. Pendleton in the office on Christmas Day, 1862. The event was depicted, somewhat inaccurately, in the film, Gods and Generals.</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Thomas Jackson (Anna) with infant daughter, Julia Jackson, arrived by train at Guiney&#39;s Station on April 20, 1862 for a visit with General Jackson. They resided at nearby Belvoir. Julia Jackson was baptized by the Reverend Tucker Lacy three days later. The visit ended suddenly nine days later when a report came that Union forces had crossed the Rappahannock River near Chancellorsville, Virginia.</p><br>
<h2>Moss Neck Manor today</h2><br>
<p>The 290 acre property is privately owned. The house has been renovated and updated and is occasionally open for tour.</p><br>
